AI Article Synopsis
- Taye and colleagues' meta-analysis found a 20.7% mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) rate of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Ethiopia, but this figure is inaccurate according to various studies.
- The studies used in the analysis had issues, such as not vaccinating infants of infected mothers and incorrectly defining MTCT, leading to an overestimation of transmission rates.
- High-quality research is needed in Ethiopia to accurately assess the effectiveness of immunoprophylaxis measures against MTCT of HBV.
Article Abstract
Introduction: Taye and colleagues reported that the rate of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) was as high as 20.7% in Ethiopia based on their meta-analysis of three studies [1]. However, numerous studies demonstrate that the overall rate of MTCT is below 5% after timely neonatal administration of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) and hepatitis B vaccine after birth.
Concerns: The reports on which the meta-analysis was conducted appear to be problematic. The infants of HBV-infected mothers were not vaccinated against HBV at all, in one report. In another report, MTCT was defined based on positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the umbilical cord blood, which is not correct because vast majority (> 95%) of positive HBsAg in umbilical cord blood is not infected with, but exposed to, HBV. Thus, MTCT of HBV calculated to be as high as 20.7% in this meta-analysis was overestimated, and much higher than the reported rate of 1-3% immunoprophylaxis failure in other parts of the world, including in Africa.
Conclusions: The rate of MTCT of HBV in Ethiopia in this meta-analysis was overestimated. High-quality investigations are required to understand the real picture of immunoprophylaxis against MTCT of HBV in Ethiopia.
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Article Synopsis
- Taye and colleagues' meta-analysis found a 20.7% mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) rate of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Ethiopia, but this figure is inaccurate according to various studies.
- The studies used in the analysis had issues, such as not vaccinating infants of infected mothers and incorrectly defining MTCT, leading to an overestimation of transmission rates.
- High-quality research is needed in Ethiopia to accurately assess the effectiveness of immunoprophylaxis measures against MTCT of HBV.
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