The cardiac defense response to aversive auditory stimulation is characterized by two acceleration/deceleration heart rate components. The first component is ascribed to attentional processes that facilitate detection and processing of potential threat, and the second one to protective actions. This study investigated attentional modulation of the cardiac defense response and the role of autonomic cardiac control therein. In 60 healthy subjects, the cardiac defense response was elicited, while electrocardiography, impedance cardiography and continuous blood pressure recordings were accomplished. Pre-ejection period represented sympathetic, heart rate variability parasympathetic, and systolic blood pressure sympathetic and parasympathetic, control. Half of the subjects performed a visual search task following the noise stimulus; the other half was exposed to the stimulus without any subsequent task. Task execution was associated with potentiation of the second heart rate acceleration/deceleration component of the defense response. Moreover, there was a greater systolic blood pressure decline during the second component. While pre-ejection period was unaffected by the task, the heart rate variability response was smaller overall in subjects performing the task. The findings suggest mediation of the first acceleration/deceleration component of the cardiac defense response by parasympathetic cardiac control; sympathetic and parasympathetic mechanisms contribute to the second component. While sympathetic control was unaffected by attentional demands, the potentiation of the cardiac defense response due to demands on external attention may relate to increased parasympathetic withdrawal.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2024.112489 | DOI Listing |
Cancer Gene Ther
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Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Angiosarcomas are a group of vascular cancers that form malignant blood vessels. These malignancies are seemingly inflamed primarily due to their pathognomonic nature, which consists of irregular endothelium and tortuous blood channels. PIK3CA mutations are oncogenic and disrupt the PI3K pathway.
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Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
Endometrial cancer (EC) diagnosis traditionally relies on tumor morphology and nuclear grade, but personalized therapy demands a deeper understanding of tumor mutational burden (TMB), i.e., a key biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibition and immunotherapy response.
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December 2024
Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Center for Microbial Exploration, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. Electronic address:
The prevalence of noncommunicable inflammatory disease is increasing in modern urban societies, posing significant challenges to public health. Novel prevention and therapeutic strategies are needed to effectively deal with this issue. One promising approach is leveraging microorganisms such as Mycobacterium vaccae ATCC 15483, known for its anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, and stress-resilience properties.
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Center of Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, 210094, China.. Electronic address:
Sepsis remains a life-threatening condition with high mortality rates despite current therapeutic approaches. While Huang-Lian-Jie-Du Decoction (HLJDD), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, has been historically used to treat inflammatory conditions, its therapeutic potential in sepsis and underlying mechanisms remain unexplored. This study investigated HLJDD's comprehensive effects on sepsis pathophysiology using a rat cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model.
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Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Science and Technology Research on Fruit Tree, Guangzhou, 510640, China. Electronic address:
Citrus bacterial canker has deleterious effects on global citrus production. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascade regulates plant defense against pathogen infection. Here, we identified 11 MAPKs in Atalantia buxifolia, a wild citrus species with high stress tolerance.
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