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Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an intermittent hypoxia disorder associated with cognitive dysfunction, including learning and memory impairments. There is evidence that alterations in protease activity and neuronal activation as associated with cognitive dysfunction, are dependent on sex, and may be brain region-specific. However, the mechanisms mediating OSA-induced cognitive impairments are unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCalpain cleavage of Junctophilin-2 during cardiac stress: The G482/T483 site is not to be blamed.
J Mol Cell Cardiol
December 2024
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, United States of America.
4-Hydroxynonenal from Mitochondrial and Dietary Sources Causes Lysosomal Cell Death for Lifestyle-Related Diseases.
Nutrients
November 2024
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Takara-machi 13-1, Kanazawa 920-8040, Japan.
Excessive consumption of vegetable oils such as soybean and canolla oils containing ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids is considered one of the most important epidemiological factors leading to the progression of lifestyle-related diseases. However, the underlying mechanism of vegetable-oil-induced organ damage is incompletely elucidated. Since proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons in the hypothalamus are related to the control of appetite and energy expenditure, their cell degeneration/death is crucial for the occurrence of obesity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFN-terminal cleavage of cyclophilin D boosts its ability to bind F-ATP synthase.
Commun Biol
November 2024
Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy.
Cyclophilin (CyP) D is a regulator of the mitochondrial F-ATP synthase. Here we report the discovery of a form of CyPD lacking the first 10 (mouse) or 13 (human) N-terminal residues (ΔN-CyPD), a protein region with species-specific features. NMR studies on recombinant human full-length CyPD (FL-CyPD) and ΔN-CyPD form revealed that the N-terminus is highly flexible, in contrast with the rigid globular part.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEfficacy of a cysteine protease inhibitor compared with enalapril in murine heart failure models.
iScience
October 2024
Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
Cysteine proteases calpains contribute to heart failure (HF), but it remains unknown whether their inhibition provides any benefit compared to standard pharmacological treatment for HF. Here, we characterize the pharmacological properties of NPO-2270 (NPO) as a potent inhibitor of cysteine proteases. Then, we describe that acute administration of NPO in rodent models of transient ischemia at the time of reperfusion reduces myocardial infarction, while its chronic oral administration attenuates adverse remodeling and cardiac dysfunction induced by ischemic and non-ischemic pathological stimuli more effectively than enalapril when given at the same dose.
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