Several studies reported the roles of short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on violent behaviors; however, existing findings had a limitation in assessing the population-representative association between violence and PM2.5 due to the limited data availability: most studies have been based on homicides in monitored urban areas. This study collected violence data from the National Hospital Discharge In-depth Injury Survey in South Korea (2015-2019), based on population-representative samples. To cover unmonitored areas, we used the daily modeled PM2.5, the predicted result driven by a machine-learning ensemble model covering all inland districts in South Korea (R2>0.94). We evaluated the national association between short-term exposure to PM2.5 and violence cases with a time-stratified case-crossover design. A total of 2,867 violence cases were included. We found an approximately linear association between short-term exposure to PM2.5 (lag 0-2 days) and an increased risk of violence, with an estimated odd ratio (OR) per 10 μg/m3 of PM2.5 of 1.07 with 95% CI: 1.02-1.12. This relationship was more prominent in males and individuals aged 64 years or less than in females and individuals aged 65 years or older for the most part. The estimated excess fraction of violence cases attributable to PM2.5 was 14.53% (95% CI: 4.54%-22.92%), and 6.42% (95% CI: 1.97%-10.26%) of the excess violence was attributable to non-compliance with the WHO guidelines (daily PM2.5 > 15 μg/m3). Our findings might be evidence of the need to establish elaborate action plans and stricter air quality guidelines to reduce the hazardous impacts of PM2.5 on violence in South Korea.
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http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0315914 | PLOS |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11651589 | PMC |
Syst Rev
December 2024
Department of Nursing, Clinical Research Development Unit, Shahid Mostafa Khomeini Hospital, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
Introduction: Cultural violence includes any offensive behavior regarding ethnicity, race, language, religion, and place of birth devaluing human dignity. The purpose of this study was to investigate workplace cultural violence against nurses by systematic review and meta-analysis.
Materials And Methods: The guideline of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was followed.
Rev Bras Epidemiol
December 2024
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil.
Objective: To describe and analyze notifications and the temporal trend of violence against women living in rural contexts in Brazil, from 2011 to 2020.
Methods: Ecological time-series study of a descriptive and analytical nature, with data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System on violence against women aged 18 to 59 years, in rural areas, from 2011 to 2020, in Brazil. The analyses were descriptive and trend-related, with the regression model using inflection points (joinpoint) and calculation of the annual percent change (APC) and the average annual percent change (AAPC).
BMC Public Health
December 2024
Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
PLoS One
December 2024
Centre for Psychiatry and Mental Health, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
Background: Younger people are more likely to report cybercrime than older people. As older people spend more time online, this may change. If similarly exposed, risk factors including social isolation and poor health could make older adults disproportionally susceptible.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThere are few psychometrically valid measures of exposure to social maltreatment that simultaneously assess sexism, racism, and anti-LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and other nonheteronormative) behavior, despite the commonness of these phenomena. The (SDMS) meets this requirement but is, as a result, somewhat lengthy (36 items). This article introduces a short form of the SDMS containing only half the number of items but generally retaining the psychometric qualities of the original measure.
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