We investigated mRNA vaccines encoding a membrane-anchored receptor-binding domain (RBD), each a fusion of a variant RBD, the transmembrane (TM) and cytoplasmic tail fragments of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein. In naive mice, RBD-TM mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 variants induced strong humoral responses against the target RBD. Multiplex surrogate viral neutralization (sVNT) assays revealed broad neutralizing activity against a range of variant RBDs. In the setting of a heterologous boost, against the background of exposure to ancestral whole-spike vaccines, sVNT studies suggested that BA.1 and BA.5 RBD-TM vaccines had the potential to overcome the detrimental effects of immune imprinting. A subsequent heterologous boost study using XBB.1.5 booster vaccines was evaluated using both sVNT and authentic virus neutralization. Geometric mean XBB.1.5 neutralization values after third-dose RBD-TM or whole-spike XBB.1.5 booster vaccines were compared with those after a third dose of ancestral spike booster vaccine. Fold-improvement over ancestral vaccine was just 1.3 for the whole-spike XBB.1.5 vaccine, similar to data published using human serum samples. In contrast, the fold-improvement achieved by the RBD-TM XBB.1.5 vaccine was 16.3, indicating that the RBD-TM vaccine induced the production of antibodies that neutralize the XBB.1.5 variant despite previous exposure to ancestral spike protein.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.omtm.2024.101380 | DOI Listing |
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol
January 2025
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 6 Queen's Park Crescent West, Suite 120, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H2, Canada.
Purpose: The SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has reduced COVID-19 infection, though facial nerve palsy (FNP) has emerged as a notable side effect of the vaccine. We evaluated the current literature on the clinical presentation and outcomes of FNP related to COVID-19 vaccination.
Methods: A comprehensive search of seven databases was conducted for studies up to January 2023.
Healthcare (Basel)
December 2024
CIEC-Research Centre on Child Studies, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
Unlabelled: In a period globally known as long COVID, several post-acute infection sequelae and vaccination effects have been discussed.
Objectives: This study aimed to identify the effects of COVID-19 infection and vaccines on the menstrual cycle of adolescents attending higher education and to verify the association between personal health factors and changes in their menstrual cycle after contact with the virus SARS-CoV-2 via infection or via the vaccine.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire for data collection, applied online to Portuguese higher education adolescents aged between 18 and 24.
Int J Rheum Dis
January 2025
Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of self-reported delayed adverse events (DAEs), major AEs, and flares following COVID-19 vaccinations among patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs) in Malaysia.
Methodology: An electronically validated survey from the COVID-19 vaccination in autoimmune diseases (COVAD) study group was distributed in July 2021 to patients with autoimmune diseases and healthy controls (HCs). The survey collected data on DAEs (any AE that persisted or occurred after 7 days of vaccination), any early or delayed major adverse events (MAEs), and flares following COVID-19 vaccination.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
Suzhou CureMed Biopharma Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215125, China.
The emergence of mRNA vaccines offers great promise and a potent platform in combating various diseases, notably COVID-19. Nevertheless, challenges such as inherent instability and potential side effects of current delivery systems underscore the critical need for the advancement of stable, safe, and efficacious mRNA vaccines. In this study, a robust mRNA vaccine (cmRNA-1130) eliciting potent immune activation has been developed from a biodegradable lipid with eight ester bonds in the branched tail (AX4) and synthetic circular mRNA (cmRNA) encoding the trimeric Delta receptor binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Biotechnol
January 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
The etiological agent for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the SARS-CoV-2, caused a global pandemic. Although mRNA, viral-vectored, DNA, and recombinant protein vaccine candidates were effective against the SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan strain, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) reduced the protective efficacies of these vaccines. This necessitates the need for effective and accelerated vaccine development against mutated VOCs.
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