K-Means Based Bee Colony Optimization for Clustering in Heterogeneous Sensor Network.

In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), an efficient clustering technique is critical in optimizing the energy level of networked sensors and prolonging the network lifetime. While the traditional bee colony optimization technique has been widely used as a clustering technique in WSN, it mostly suffers from energy efficiency and network performance. This study proposes a Bee Colony Optimization that synergistically combines K-mean algorithms (referred to as K-BCO) for efficient clustering in heterogeneous sensor networks. This is to develop a robust and efficient clustering algorithm that addresses the challenges of energy consumption and network performance in WSNs. The K-BCO algorithm outperformed comparative clustering algorithms such as H-LEACH, DBCP, and ABC-ACO in average error rate (AER), average data delivery rate (ADDR), and average energy consumption (AEC) for transmitting data packets from sensors to cluster heads. The K-BCO outperformed other algorithms in terms of ADDR at 95.00% against H-LEACH (75.86%), DBCP (72.07%) and ABC-ACO (90.08%). The findings indicate that the K-BCO not only optimizes energy consumption but also guarantees more stable and robust solutions, thereby extending the network lifetime of WSNs. Thus, K-BCO is recommended to practitioners in wireless sensor networks as it paves the way for more efficient and sustainable wireless communication.