Background: This study examines whether state-level alcohol policy types in the United States relate to substance use disorder treatment admissions and birth outcomes among young pregnant and birthing people.
Methods: We used data from the Treatment Episode Data Set: Admissions (TEDS-A) and Vital Statistics birth data for 1992-2019. We examined 16 state-level policies, grouped into three types: youth-specific, general population, and pregnancy-specific alcohol policies. Using Poisson and logistic regression, we assessed policy effects for those under 21 (aged 15-20) and considered whether effects differed for those just over 21 (aged 21-24).
Results: Youth-specific policies were not associated with treatment admissions or preterm birth. There were statistically significant associations between family exceptions to minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) policies and low birthweight, but findings were in opposite directions across possession-focused and consumption-focused (MLDA) policies and did not differentially apply to people 15-20 versus 21-24. Most pregnancy-specific policies were not associated with treatment admissions, and none were significantly associated with birth outcomes. A few general population policies were associated with improved birth outcomes and/or increased treatment admissions. Specifically, both government spirits monopolies and prohibitions of spirits and heavy beer sales in gas stations were associated with decreased low birthweight among people 15-20 and among people 21-24. Effects of Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) limits varied by age, with slight reductions in adverse birth outcomes among people 15-20, as BAC limits get stronger, but slight increases for those 21-24. Although treatment admissions rates across ages were similar when BAC limits were in place, treatment admissions were greater for pregnant people 21-24 than for 15-20 when there were no BAC limits.
Conclusions: General population policies also appear effective for reducing the adverse effects of drinking during pregnancy for young people, including those under 21. Policies that target people based on age or pregnancy status appear less effective.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acer.15512 | DOI Listing |
BMC Surg
December 2024
Department of Surgery, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Background: Gastrointestinal perforation (GIP) is a life-threatening condition that necessitates immediate surgical intervention. This study aims to identify prognostic factors in patients with GIP treated within a standardized acute care surgery (ACS) framework.
Materials And Methods: This single center retrospective cohort study analyzed patients diagnosed with GIP who underwent emergent surgery and were admitted to the intensive care unit between January 2013 and March 2023.
Pediatr Neonatol
December 2024
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address:
Background: The treatments and outcomes of pediatric gastroduodenal perforations have rarely been described.
Methods: We retrospectively identified 515 patients aged 28 days to 17 years who were hospitalized for gastroduodenal perforation between July 2010 and March 2021 using a nationwide inpatient database. We compared characteristics, treatments, and outcomes for pediatric gastroduodenal perforation between children aged <7 years (n = 38) and ≥7 years (n = 477).
Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol
December 2024
Aster Integrated Liver Care, Aster Medcity, Kochi, India.
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare and dynamic syndrome occurring as a sequela of severe acute liver injury (ALI). Its mortality ranges from 50% to 75% based on the aetiology, patients age and severity of encephalopathy at admission. With improvement in intensive care techniques, transplant-free survival in ALF has improved over time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Antimicrob Agents
December 2024
Department of Surgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 707, Section 3, Zhongyang Rd., Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, No. 701, Section 3, Zhongyang Rd., Hualien, Taiwan. Electronic address:
Phage-based decontamination has rarely been explored in real-world settings, particularly in the environments of patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). This four-year prospective study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of aerosolized phage cocktails tailored to combat target antibiotic-resistant species of Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The decontamination procedure with phage aerosols was proactively implemented before the admission of ECMO patients based on a thorough analysis of phage typing results from bacterial species isolated from prospective patient areas during the preceding two months.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Infect Chemother
December 2024
Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center.
Edwardsiella tarda is a Gram-negative intracellular pathogen within the Enterobacterales order, recognized as a causative agent of hemorrhagic septicemia in fish but also pathogenic to humans. However, the clinical course and prognostic factors of E. tarda bacteremia are not fully understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!