Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is a receptor that inhibits the activity of T cells. The CTLA-4 gene consists of four different exons that enable four different isoforms of CTLA-4 to be generated through alternative splicing. Although sCTLA-4 might impede the therapeutic effect of anti-CTLA-4 treatments, the role of sCTLA-4 in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is not well understood. Here, we provide novel perspectives on the inhibitory characteristics of sCTLA-4 in TME.
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Article Synopsis
- The CTLA-4 gene helps regulate immune responses by suppressing T-cell activity to prevent autoimmunity and is expressed on activated T-cells, with its mRNA producing a soluble form (sCTLA-4) that circulates in the blood.
- A study using qPCR and HRMA found a significant link between the CTLA-4 genetic variant (rs3087243 SNP G/G genotype) and Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) in an Indian population.
- Patients with the G/G genotype had lower levels of sCTLA-4 and a higher risk of RA, suggesting that mutations in the CTLA-4 gene may lead to overactive T-cells and contribute to the disease.
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