Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), commonly referred to as lupus, is a widely prevalent chronic autoimmune disease that can affect any organ system in the body. Although the pathogenesis of this disease is rather complex and poorly understood, ultimately there is an overproduction of multiple self-reactive antinuclear antibodies. These autoantibodies are one of the laboratory hallmarks of the diagnosis and disease activity of SLE. Lupus has a myriad of symptoms and imaging manifestations. Serositis, one of the most common manifestations of the disease, usually occurs with pleural or pericardial effusion with or without associated serosal inflammatory changes. The pulmonary manifestations are heterogeneous, with mostly acute (eg, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, acute lupus pneumonitis) and some chronic (eg, fibrosing interstitial lung disease, shrinking lung syndrome) lung findings. Cardiac and vascular manifestations include myocarditis; coronary artery disease, including accelerated atherosclerosis; myocardial infarction; and spontaneous dissections, along with vasculitis, aneurysms, Libman-Sacks endocarditis, and arterial and venous thromboembolism. Although patient history and risk factor assessment have a vital role in diagnosing lupus, familiarity with the imaging manifestations aids radiologists in optimizing patient care, assessing for complications, and uncovering undiagnosed cases of lupus. This fact emphasizes the importance of recognizing the complex multisystem involvement of lupus seen at imaging. In this article, the authors review the thoracic and cardiovascular imaging manifestations of lupus. RSNA, 2024.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/rg.240114 | DOI Listing |
J Echocardiogr
December 2024
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Shimokasuya 143, Isehara-shi, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan.
Purpose: Few investigational reports have evaluated the status of cardiovascular manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the Omicron dominance period. In this study, we aimed to investigate the cardiac function parameters and clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19 before and after the Omicron variant (OV) propagation.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 88 adult patients with COVID-19 who underwent clinically indicated standard transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in intensive care wards.
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg
December 2024
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Objectives: We investigate if sublingual space invasion (SLI) determined on magnetic resonance imaging confers differences in clinicopathological manifestations and treatment outcomes of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC).
Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Setting: Tertiary Academic Medical Center.
Comput Methods Programs Biomed
December 2024
Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, No. 1616 Yanxiang Road, Xi'an, 710061, China. Electronic address:
Background: Preterm brain injury (PBI) is a prevalent complication in preterm infants, leading to the destruction of critical structural and functional brain connections and placing a significant burden on families. The timely detection of PBI is of paramount importance for the prevention and treatment of the condition. However, the absence of specific clinical manifestations in the early stages of PBI renders it susceptible to misdiagnosis and missed diagnoses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnited European Gastroenterol J
December 2024
IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
Autoimmune pancreatitis is an increasingly recognized inflammatory type of subacute pancreatitis; two subtypes of autoimmune pancreatitis have been identified so far: the "lymphoplasmacytic" type 1 variant and the "neutrophilic" type 2 variant. Type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis represents the most common manifestation of IgG4-related disease, a fibro-inflammatory disorder characterized by elevated IgG4 levels in the serum and affected tissues. Type 2 autoimmune pancreatitis is a pancreas-specific disorder that frequently occurs in the context of inflammatory bowel diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Pulm Med
December 2024
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China.
This report describes the case of a 41-year-old male patient complaining of a hacking cough. The patient was treated with a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor for psoriasis. Blood tests revealed mild lymphopenia and high levels of serum cryptococcal antigen.
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