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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmmed.2024.1465647 | DOI Listing |
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Understanding the Emergence of Schizophrenia in the Light of Human Evolution: New Perspectives in Genetics.
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Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), Paris, France.
Schizophrenia is a frequent and disabling disease. The persistence of the disorder despite its harmful consequences represents an evolutionary paradox. Based on recent discoveries in genetics, scientists have formulated the "price-to-pay" hypothesis: schizophrenia would be intimately related to human evolution, particularly to brain development and human-specific higher cognitive functions.
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Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Background: Obesity is becoming one of the major non-communicable diseases with increasing incidence and risks that cannot be ignored. However effective and safe clinical treatment strategies still need to be deeply explored. Increased number and volume of adipocytes lead to overweight and obesity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShared rare genetic variants in multiplex autism families suggest a social memory gene under selection.
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Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects up to 1 in 59 children, and is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders. Recent genomic studies have highlighted the role of rare variants in ASD. This study aimed to identify genes affected by rare variants shared by siblings with ASD and validate the function of a candidate gene FRRS1L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA comparative view of human and mouse telencephalon inhibitory neuron development.
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Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Human GABAergic inhibitory neurons (INs) in the telencephalon play crucial roles in modulating neural circuits, generating cortical oscillations, and maintaining the balance between excitation and inhibition. The major IN subtypes are based on their gene expression profiles, morphological diversity and circuit-specific functions. Although previous foundational work has established that INs originate in the ganglionic eminence regions in mice, recent studies have questioned origins in humans and non-human primates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContrastive machine learning reveals species -shared and -specific brain functional architecture.
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School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnic University, Xi'an, 710072, China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- A new machine learning method, called SU-VAE, allows scientists to separate brain connectome data shared between humans and macaques from species-specific traits.
- This method was validated by linking unique human features to cognitive abilities, while shared features aligned more with sensorimotor skills.
- The results suggest that human-specific brain traits may make networks more efficient and are associated with certain genes related to axon guidance.
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