Disaster victim identification and criminal investigations have intensified the demand of complex kinship testing. Compared to close relatives, distant relatives share fewer identical-by-descent genetic segments; therefore, more genetic markers are required to improve the system effectiveness. Driven by the progress of next-generation sequencing, several commercial or in-house panels, including a large number of genetic markers, have been developed and applied in forensic caseworks. However, few efficient panels are available for first cousins (FC) kinship testing. Here, we adopted the MGIEasy Pa-SNPs genotyping kit, a two-step multiplex PCR strategy to detect 2,009 SNPs, and evaluated their system effectiveness in complex kinship analysis. Samples from 10,000 pairs of relatives and unrelated individuals were simulated to evaluate the system power. Simultaneously, real samples were used to further confirm this, including 72 pairs of full siblings (FS), 52 pairs of uncle/aunt/-niece/nephew (UN), 92 pairs of FC, 79 pairs of first cousin once removed (1C1R), and 780 pairs of unrelated individuals. The results showed that this kit was sufficiently powerful in FS, UN, and FC versus unrelated kinship testing and could also discriminate part of 1C1R relatives against unrelated individuals. This method was also powerful in the kinship determination of FS versus UN, FS versus FC, FS versus 1C1R, and UN versus 1C1R kinship testing but had limited power to determine UN versus FC and FC versus 1C1R relationships. This study provides an effective strategy and guidance for complex kinship analysis in forensic practice.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00414-024-03376-z | DOI Listing |
PeerJ
December 2024
College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Mitochondria play a pivotal role as carriers of genetic information through their circular DNA molecules. The rapid evolution of the D-loop region in mitochondria makes it an ideal molecular marker for exploring genetic differentiation among individuals within species and populations with close kinship. However, the influence of mtDNA D-loop region haplotypes and mtDNA copy numbers on phenotypic traits, particularly production traits in chickens, remains poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Legal Med
December 2024
Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, P. R. China.
Disaster victim identification and criminal investigations have intensified the demand of complex kinship testing. Compared to close relatives, distant relatives share fewer identical-by-descent genetic segments; therefore, more genetic markers are required to improve the system effectiveness. Driven by the progress of next-generation sequencing, several commercial or in-house panels, including a large number of genetic markers, have been developed and applied in forensic caseworks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFForensic Sci Int Genet
February 2025
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States; Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States. Electronic address:
Advancements in sequencing and laboratory technologies have enabled forensic genetic analysis on increasingly low quality and degraded DNA samples. However, existing computational methods applied to genotyping and imputation for generating DNA profiles from degraded DNA have not been tested for forensic applications. Here we simulated sequencing data of varying qualities-coverage, fragment lengths, and deamination patterns-from forty individuals of diverse genetic ancestries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis article sets out to explore the dilemmas present in the reproductive practices of people affected by rare hereditary diseases, focusing on the use of diagnostic tests and the practice of genetic counselling in Brazil. The development of technologies capable of mapping 'genetic flaws' prior to conception or in prenatal consultations has led researchers to consider how these technologies may be shaping contemporary subjectivities related to kinship and guiding reproductive decisions based on knowledge of our 'genetic heritage.' Genetic counselling has emerged in this setting as a modality of health knowledge and information capable of assisting people, especially women, in their reproductive choices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFForensic Sci Int
December 2024
College of Medical Imaging and Laboratory, JiNing Medical University, P.R. China.
Short tandem repeat (STR) loci are frequently utilized in kinship testing, and mutations of a single base occurring in the primer-binding region of the STR locus can result in the failure of allelic amplification and the emergence of silent genes. Silent genes are not observable and, therefore, are excluded from the genotypes assessed. Pedigree likelihood ratios (LRs) are often employed in kinship testing to determine the likelihood of different kinship scenarios.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!