AI Article Synopsis
- The stellate ganglion (SG) is crucial for anesthetic procedures in the neck, but it can be tricky due to potential complications and the need for precise anatomical knowledge.
- Various techniques like ultrasound and fluoroscopy help with SG block, but complications can arise from the procedure itself or the medications used.
- A study examined the shapes and histology of the SG in adult cadavers, categorizing them into four types: spindle (most common), dumbbell, star, and inverted L, with insights intended to enhance surgical accuracy and patient care.
Article Abstract
Purpose: The stellate ganglion (SG), or cervicothoracic ganglion, is usually located anterior to the neck of the first rib. Various techniques, such as ultrasonographic imaging and fluoroscopic approaches, are used to assist in the anesthetic blockade of the SG. However, there are reported complications associated with SG block; some patients had medication-related or systemic side effects, and some had procedure-related or local side effects. So, understanding the anatomy of the SG is critical for diagnosis and treatment of nerve block accuracy and to avoid unnecessary nerve damage during surgical procedures. This study aimed to collect data for the gross shape of the SG and histologically investigate these different types.
Methods: The SG from 31 formalin-fixed adult cadavers (59 sides) were studied. The prevalence and shape of the SG were recorded and photographed. Next, the SG for each type was examined histologically.
Results: The SG were classified into four types based on their shape: dumbbell, spindle, star, and inverted L shapes. The frequency of each type was as follows: spindle (47.46%), dumbbell (27.12%), star (23.73%), and L-inverted shapes (1.69%). Each type had a similar number of nerve cell bodies. Interestingly, the inverted-L shaped SG was histologically, discontinuous but grossly fused.
Conclusion: An improved understanding of the SG's macro and microanatomy can help better understand patient presentations and improve clinical and surgical results in procedures performed near this important neck structure.
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|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11634916 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00276-024-03533-4 | DOI Listing |
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