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Non-toxigenic cases of in Spain from 2012 to 2022. | LitMetric

Non-toxigenic cases of in Spain from 2012 to 2022.

Microb Genom

Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain.

Published: December 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • * An analysis revealed a rise in NVC isolates submitted after 2019, with more frequent cases and hospitalizations among older adults, and the diversity of strains poses challenges in finding infectious sources via whole-genome sequencing.
  • * The study also uncovered that 21% of the isolates had antimicrobial resistance, marking it as the first report in Spain documenting genomic data on NVC cases, and recommended testing for NVC in suspected patients due to a high hospitalization rate (40%).

Article Abstract

Non-toxigenic non-O1/non-O139 (NVC) isolates are associated with diarrhoeal disease globally. NVC-related infections are on the rise, representing one of the most striking examples of emerging human diseases linked to climate change. This study aims to give a better picture of the evolution of NCV incidence in Spain from 2012 to 2022. In this context, we realized a descriptive analysis and a logistic regression using the isolates submitted to the National Center of Microbiology (NCM) during this period. To elucidate the heterogeneity of sporadic clinical strains of NVC among patients residing in Spain, we conducted whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of a selection of isolates. First, we observed an increase in the number of isolates sent to the NCM after 2019, which was not concomitant to a change in the national surveillance protocol. Furthermore, the number of cases and hospitalizations increased with age. Second, we found a high diversity of NVC strains, which suggested that the usefulness of WGS studies might be limited in waterborne outbreak situations to find the infectious source. Finally, we characterized the genetic determinants responsible for antimicrobial resistance and virulence and found that 21% of the isolates were resistant to -lactamases. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first in Spain to report genomic data on non-toxigenic cases at the national level. Because of the high percentage of hospitalization observed for NVC cases (40%), it might be beneficial to test for in all the suspected cases.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11633944PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.001315DOI Listing

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