Objective: To compare the prevalence and clinical characteristics of early gestational diabetes (eGDM) and associated birth outcomes amongst women of different ethnic groups.
Research Design And Methods: This is a secondary analysis of an international, multicentre randomized controlled trial of treating eGDM among pregnant women with GDM risk factors enrolled <20 weeks' gestation. The diagnosis of GDM was made using WHO-2013 criteria. While Europids required at least one risk factor for recruitment, for others, ethnicity itself was a risk factor.
Results: Among women of Europid (n=1,567), South Asian (SA: n=971), East and South-East Asian (ESEA: n=498), Middle Eastern (ME: n=242) and Māori and Pasifika (MP: n=174) ethnicities; MP (26.4%) had the highest eGDM crude prevalence compared with Europid (20.3%), SA (24.7%), ESEA (22.3%) and ME (21.1%) (p<0.001). Compared with Europid, the highest eGDM adjusted odds ratio (aOR) was seen in SA (2.43 [95%CI 1.9-3.11]) and ESEA (aOR 2.28 [95%CI 1.68-3.08]); in late GDM, SA had the highest prevalence (20.4%: aOR 2.16 [95%CI 1.61-2.9]). Glucose patterns varied between ethnic groups and ESEA were predominantly diagnosed with eGDM through post-glucose load values, while all other ethnic groups were mainly diagnosed on fasting glucose values. There were no differences in the eGDM composite primary outcome or neonatal and pregnancy-related hypertension outcomes between the ethnic groups.
Conclusions: In women with risk factors, eGDM was most prevalent in SA and ESEA women, particularly identified by the post-glucose load samples. These findings suggest an early OGTT should particularly be performed in women from these ethnic groups.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae838 | DOI Listing |
Clin J Gastroenterol
December 2024
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan.
Antibiotics are widely used during pregnancy. Recent epidemiological studies suggest that maternal exposure to antibiotics during pregnancy is associated with increased risks of various diseases in offspring; host-microbiome interactions are considered to be involved in pathogenesis, as antibiotic-induced perturbations (dysbiosis) of the maternal microbiome can be transmitted to offspring. We reviewed the current status of antibiotic usage during pregnancy, transmission of maternal antibiotic-induced dysbiosis to offspring, and several diseases in offspring reported to be associated with maternal antibiotic exposure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Pregnancy Childbirth
December 2024
One Day Medical Center, Via Attilio Ambrosini 114, Rome, 00147, Italy.
Background: A normal luteal function is an essential factor for maintaining pregnancy; luteal phase deficiency decreases embryo implantation and pregnancy rate and increases the early miscarriage rate. In stimulated in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) patients, luteal phase support (LPS) is achieved by the exogenous supplementation with progesterone to increase endometrial receptivity and pregnancy. While several protocols exist, no commonly accepted protocol has been established for optimal luteal support after IVF-ET to date, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of two different luteal phase support protocols in patients undergoing assisted reproductive technologies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Health Serv Res
December 2024
School of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Katharina-Sulzer-Platz 9, CH-8401, Winterthur, Switzerland.
Background: Interventions in maternity health care settings often need to be studied within everyday clinical work and with the contributions of the staff. Therefore, the health care workers on-site play an important role for research success. This explains why it is necessary not only to focus on the outcomes of the research project itself, but also to study the whole process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Pregnancy Childbirth
December 2024
Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.
Purpose: This study aimed to identify novel biomarkers for preeclampsia (PE) diagnosis by integrating Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) with machine learning techniques.
Patients And Methods: We obtained the PE dataset GSE25906 from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. Analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and module genes with Limma and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network analysis (WGCNA).
Am J Emerg Med
December 2024
Nevşehir State Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Nevşehir, Türkiye.
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