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Beneficial Soil Fungus Kills Predatory Nematodes with Dehydropeptides Translocating into the Animal Gut. | LitMetric

Beneficial Soil Fungus Kills Predatory Nematodes with Dehydropeptides Translocating into the Animal Gut.

J Am Chem Soc

Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute, Beutenbergstraße 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany.

Published: December 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • A mold fungus has been recognized for improving soil health and aiding plant growth, specifically by combating nematode pests.
  • Researchers discovered that peptidic biosurfactants called malpinin A-D produced by the fungus have strong inhibitory effects on nematodes, with specific amino acids influencing their effectiveness.
  • The study utilized advanced imaging techniques to show how malpinin accumulates in the nematode's gut, providing implications for its use as a natural pest control agent in agriculture.

Article Abstract

is a mold fungus that has gained attention for its positive correlation with soil health, plant growth, and applications as a crop biocontrol agent to suppress the threats of nematode pests. To date, the mechanisms underlying the protective traits of against these plant parasites have remained elusive. Here we report that abundantly produced peptidic biosurfactants, malpinin A-D, exhibit robust inhibitory activity against nematodes. Nematode assays with malpinin congeners and chemically synthesized analogues revealed that the dehydro amino acid is critical for activity, whereas the -terminal amino acid residues modulate the lipophilicity. Complementary imaging by fluorescence microscopy and Raman microspectroscopy, using externally fluorescence-labeled, semisynthetic malpinin or a biosynthetically alkyne-tagged probe generated by precursor-directed biosynthesis, visualized the translocation and enrichment of malpinin in the gut of the model nematode . Our findings provide valuable insight into the use of as a biocontrol agent, emphasizing the ecologically significant role of malpinins as a protective trait. In addition to solving a long-standing riddle, these findings have translational value for applications in agriculture.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.4c12989DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11664578PMC

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