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Demographic rescue falters when pathogens are present. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Demographic rescue involves adding individuals to endangered populations to boost their numbers and prevent extinction, but its effectiveness is uncertain in the presence of diseases.
  • A study was conducted using an aquatic crustacean, Daphnia dentifera, and a fungus pathogen, Metschnikowia bicuspidata, to investigate how pathogens affect demographic rescue outcomes.
  • Results showed that while adding healthy individuals temporarily increased population size, populations with infected individuals ultimately had significantly lower abundance compared to those with no intervention, highlighting the risks of introducing diseased organisms during rescue efforts.*

Article Abstract

As natural populations continue to decline globally, direct forms of intervention are increasingly necessary to prevent extinction. One type of intervention, known as demographic rescue, occurs when individuals are added directly to a population to increase abundance and ultimately prevent population extinction. However, the role of infectious disease in demographic rescue remains unknown. To examine the effects of pathogens on demographic rescue, we used a host-pathogen system with the aquatic crustacean Daphnia dentifera as the host and the fungus Metschnikowia bicuspidata as the pathogen. We constructed a randomized 3 × 2 factorial experiment with three rescue treatments (none, low, high) and two pathogen treatments (unexposed, exposed), where the pathogen was introduced via infected individuals during rescue events. We found that adding more individuals to demographically depressed populations increased abundance over the short term; highly supplemented populations initially had 62% more individuals than populations that had no introduced individuals. However, by the end of the experiment, populations that did not have any individuals introduced averaged 640% higher abundance than populations where infected individuals had been added. Thus, the introduction of infected individuals can result in worse demographic outcomes for populations than if no rescue is attempted.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4495DOI Listing

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