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Hyponeustonic species, living at the interface between the atmosphere and the oceans, comprise one of the most understudied and vast critical marine biotope, constantly exposed to high concentrations of anthropogenic contaminants and microplastic (MPs). Copepods of the Pontellidae family represent the primary components of this biotic assemblage worldwide, and their interaction with MPs is still unknown. We studied this interaction for the first time in Pontella mediterranea, assessing the ingestion of anthropogenic particles (APs) in 2793 individuals collected by manta trawl in the Northern Alboran Sea.

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The neustonic copepods of the family Pontellidae - Giesbrecht, 1889 and Wilson, 1950, both first described on the basis of female specimens exhibit very similar morphology and overlapping geographic ranges in the Indian Ocean. While several taxonomists have described males of each species, there has been no definitive evidence for female-male matching (link female and male of the same species) in the two species. In the present study, an analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) sequences in the specimens collected from the Arabian Sea revealed that female Giesbrecht, 1889, and male Silas and Pillai (1973) are genetically identical, providing evidence that the latter is actually .

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Dinitrogen fixation, the biological reduction in N gas to ammonia contributes to the supply of new nitrogen in the surface ocean. To understand the diversity and abundance of potentially diazotrophic (N fixing) microorganisms associated with marine zooplankton, especially copepods, the nifH gene was studied using zooplankton samples collected in the Pacific Ocean. In total, 257 nifH sequences were recovered from 23 nifH-positive DNA extracts out of 90 copepod samples.

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Light scattering by selected zooplankton from the Gulf of Aqaba.

J Exp Biol

November 2007

Cell and Organism Biology, Zoology Building, Helgonavagen 3, Lund, Sweden.

Light scattering by zooplankton was investigated as a major factor undermining transparency camouflage in these pelagic animals. Zooplankton of differing transparencies--including the hyperiid amphipod Anchylomera blossevillei, an unknown gammarid amphipod species, the brine shrimp Artemia salina, the euphausiid shrimp Euphausia diomedeae, the isopod Gnathia sp., the copepods Pontella karachiensis, Rhincalanus sp.

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