Objectives: The deterioration of oral function to a state of oral hypofunction (OHF) has been associated with malnutrition and frailty. This cross-sectional pilot study investigated for differences in OHF prevalence and its category measures across age groups and sex, as well as their associations with physical function.
Methods: A total of 155 healthy adults (median age: 55 years, range: 22-89 years) participated in this study after providing informed consent. The cohort was age and sex matched. Seven oral function measures based on the concept of OHF were assessed: oral hygiene (Hygiene), oral dryness, maximum occlusal force (MOF), lip-tongue motor function (LTMF), maximum tongue pressure (MTP), masticatory function, and swallowing function. Hand grip strength (HGS) was also measured. The participants were divided into the young (20-39 years), middle (40-64 years), and old (≥ 65 years) age groups for linear regression analysis of differences in oral and physical function. Differences in OHF prevalence were tested by the chi-square test.
Results: The prevalence of OHF was significantly higher in the old group than in the young and middle groups. Such OHF measures as Hygiene, MTP, LTMF, and MOF were significantly worse in the old group as well. The measures of Hygiene and LTMF showed a moderate correlation with age in the multiple regression model (standardized partial regression coefficient, β = 0.24 and -0.19, respectively). HGS was significantly associated with MTP (β = 0.58, p < 0.001) and LTMF (β = 0.38, p = 0.002) in both male and female participants.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that OHF prevalence increases with age, especially after 65 years old. However, the pathological route may vary among OHF categories.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-024-05272-9 | DOI Listing |
Front Oncol
December 2024
Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Purpose: The management of rectal adenocarcinoma has evolved during the last decade, shifting from a conventional neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, surgery, and adjuvant chemotherapy in all cases to a total neoadjuvant approach, especially in locally advanced tumors when a sphincter-sparing surgery has been planned. However, the exact indications and the neoadjuvant regimen with the highest response remain unresolved. We aimed to assess whether administering neoadjuvant chemotherapy before and after preoperative chemoradiotherapy could increase the pathological complete response (pCR) rates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, MYS.
Background and objectives A modified aligner appliance with nickel-titanium springs (MAA) is a relatively new appliance that has not received extensive attention in orthodontics. This study evaluated the patient-reported outcomes when orthodontic treatment was provided using a modified aligner appliance to treat mild lower incisor crowding. Materials and methods This prospective cohort study consisted of 42 patients (11 males and 31 females; mean age 21.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfect Drug Resist
December 2024
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.
Background: The emergence of the Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 has significantly altered the clinical features and severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Objective: This study aims to evaluate whether the clinical factors that previously predicted COVID-19 remain valid following the emergence of the Omicron variant.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital from April 2022 to March 2023.
Front Neurol
December 2024
Servicio de Neurología, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia.
Objective: This study aims to describe clinical variables and quality care indicators in pediatric stroke management at a high-complexity pediatric care center in Latin America.
Methods: Retrospective study of patients with stroke, aged 2-18 years from 2011 to 2021. The principal outcomes were the mRs and mortality.
Front Neurol
December 2024
Neuroscience Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Background: Little is known about the relationship between lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] and cerebral white matter hyperintensities (WMH). The aim of the study was to examine if elevated Lp(a) levels are associated with higher burden of WMH.
Methods: We retrospectively investigated associations between Lp(a) and the burden of WMH among patients with confirmed diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attacks.
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