Toxicity of tire rubber-derived pollutants 6PPD-quinone and 4-tert-octylphenol on marine plankton.

J Hazard Mater

EOMAR, ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain. Electronic address:

Published: November 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study investigates the toxicity of tire-derived pollutants 6PPD-quinone and 4-tert-octylphenol on marine plankton and other aquatic organisms.
  • 6PPD-quinone showed minimal effects on microalgae, copepods, and fish embryos, but significantly impacted early-stage echinoderms.
  • In contrast, 4-tert-octylphenol was toxic across all species tested, particularly harming echinoderm embryos and copepods at low concentrations, underscoring the need for safer tire additives to protect aquatic environments.

Article Abstract

The impacts of tire wear particles and their associated chemicals on the aquatic systems are a major environmental concern. In this study, we investigated the acute toxicity of two pollutants derived from tire rubber, 6PPD-quinone and 4-tert-octylphenol, on marine plankton. Specifically, we determined the acute effects of these pollutants on various organisms within the plankton food web: the microalgae Rhodomonas salina, the adult copepod Acartia tonsa, and the early life stages of the echinoderms Arbacia lixula and Paracentrotus lividus and the fish Sparus aurata. Exposure to 6PPD-quinone did not affect the microalgae growth, copepod survival, or fish embryo viability after 48 h of exposure at concentrations up to 1000 µgL. However, 6PPD-quinone significantly inhibited the growth of early developmental stages of both echinoderm species, with median effective concentrations of 7 and 8 µgL. Conversely, 4-tert-octylphenol was toxic to all studied organisms, with median lethal and effective concentrations ranging from 21 to 79 µgL depending on the species and endpoints. The most sensitive planktonic organisms to 4-tert-octylphenol were echinoderm embryos and copepods, which exhibited negative effects at concentrations as low as 1 and 25 µgL, respectively. Our results demonstrate that acute exposure to 6PPD-quinone and 4-tert-octylphenol can cause harmful effects on key planktonic organisms at environmentally relevant concentrations. Overall, our findings highlight the need for develop ecologically safer tire rubber additives and reduce traffic-related tire particle emissions to mitigate their entry and potential impacts on aquatic ecosystems.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136694DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

6ppd-quinone 4-tert-octylphenol
12
4-tert-octylphenol marine
8
marine plankton
8
tire rubber
8
exposure 6ppd-quinone
8
effective concentrations
8
planktonic organisms
8
6ppd-quinone
5
4-tert-octylphenol
5
concentrations
5

Similar Publications

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!