Plant Dis
University of Florida, Department of Plant Pathology, 3205 College Ave, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, Davie, Florida, United States, 33314.
Published: December 2024
, a genus in the family Botryosphaeriaceae, has a broad host range and causes dieback, root rot, fruit rot, leaf rot, and blights in many plant species across sub-tropical and tropical geographical areas (Alves et al., 2008). In palms, this fungal pathogen is known to cause fruit and heart rot, wood decay and leaf blight around the globe (Atallah et al., 2024; Santos et al., 2020). In field-grown coconut palms symptoms usually start on older fronds progressing to younger fronds. Symptoms including discoloration of internal tissue, profuse pathogen sporulation, fruiting body formation, and death of entire fronds, universally characterize rachis blight caused by . In summer 2023, a disease incidence of 30% and severity ranging from 20% to 100% of the canopy was observed in Florida. Three diseased coconut palms were sampled from a five-acre plot and the symptomatic tissue (internal rachis discoloration) was excised at the margin of the advancing lesion, and surface sterilized (30s 75% EtOH, 1 min 3% sodium hypochlorite, 1 min rinse in sterile water). Six pieces were plated on one Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA, Difco) plate supplemented with three antibiotics, penicillin, streptomycin, and neomycin, each at 5mg/L (Gibco PSN), and a total of three PDA plates per sample were processed. Plates were incubated at 25°C under darkness and -like colonies were consistently recovered from all 54 rachis pieces. Initially white in color, the fungal colony grew radially, turned gray, and eventually took on a darker shade, with an abundance of aerial mycelium and rare occurrence of conidiomata and conidia in older plates. Two morphologically similar isolates Las1A and Las1B were obtained from single spores and grown at 28°C in the dark for 7 days. DNA was extracted using the quick DNA extraction protocol (Liu et al., 2000) and regions from two fungal barcoding genes, nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nrITS) and translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1-α) were amplified using primers ITS1/ITS4 (White et al., 1990) and EF1-728F/EF1-986R (Carbone & Kohn, 1999), respectively, and sequenced. The ITS (PQ282128 and PQ282129) and TEF1-α sequences from both isolates (PQ278132 and PQ278133) were 100% identical to isolate G112-8 (OR453211 and OR482955, respectively). One-year-old seedlings of coconut palm ( L.) were used for pathogenicity tests. Agar plugs from margins of actively growing cultures of Las1A and Las1B were placed on cut end of petioles from fronds close to the spear leaf and covered with parafilm. The control palms were treated with distilled water. The onset of disease symptoms was observed about 14 days post inoculation. The inoculated petioles were soft, listless, lost turgidity, and could be easily bent without snapping about 1 month following inoculation. In contrast, the palm control seedlings that were inoculated with water remained turgid, healthy and alive. Fruiting body development was observed on inoculated petioles, the pathogen was reisolated, and examination of its colony and spore morphology as well as presence of paraphyses was used to verify its identity. This is the first report of causing disease on in Florida. This pathogen is a potential threat to coconut palm production in Florida and further research on pathogen diversity, pathogenicity, and distribution is needed to develop options for disease management.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-24-1925-PDN | DOI Listing |
World J Microbiol Biotechnol
January 2025
Institute of Chemical Technology - Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 1A TL29 Street, Thanh Loc Ward, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
This study demonstrated a novel approach to accurately estimate 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) in textile wastewater using a microbial consortium from food processing wastewater fixed on coconut fibers. Although glucose-glutamic acid (GGA) has been widely known as the most preferred substrates for microbial respiration, its calibration surprisingly resulted in an overestimation of BOD in textile wastewater due to its lower utilization rate compared to that of textile wastewater. After being adapted with a new nutrient environment composed of GGA and textile wastewater, the adapted packed-bed bioreactors (PBBRs) was capable of accurate estimation of BOD in textile wastewater using GGA standard solution.
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January 2025
Kongu Engineering College, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India.
Copra (dried coconut) is used for oil production and raw materials for its by-products. Traditionally, Coconuts are halved and sun-dried in the field. Fumigation using sulphur is employed in the industry to maintain its colour and prevent microbial growth from inhibiting it.
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January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
In this work, the lipidomic analysis on polar components of almond, coconut, and soy beverages was performed by liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. A comparison with bovine milk was also performed. A total of 30 subclasses of polar lipids, belonging mainly to glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids, and a total of 572 molecular species were identified.
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November 2024
Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute for Agricultural Sciences, Indian River and Research Center, University of Florida, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA.
(Olivier) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), the red palm weevil (RPW), is a concealed voracious pest of different ornamental and economically important palm species, particularly the date palm. It can cause huge losses in ornamental and commercial palm plantations. RPW has spread rapidly from its original distribution in Southeast Asia to date palm-growing countries worldwide.
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January 2025
Department of Plantation Products, Spices and Flavour Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka 570020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India. Electronic address:
Due to the high demand for natural sweeteners and their perceived health benefits, it is crucial to use analytical techniques for accurately profiling natural sweeteners. The present study describes a simple and fast approach for the analysis of sweeteners using 1D - H NMR spectroscopy. This method is based on the direct detection of protons in sugar molecules with an internal standard, without the need for complex derivatization steps.
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