Investigating the triglyceride-glucose index in postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Objective: This retrospective study aims to assess the association of the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) with postmenopausal osteoporosis and investigate longitudinal changes in TyG index levels in relation to osteoporosis risk.

Methods: Out of 704 women, after excluding those with osteopenia, a total of 517 patients who met the inclusion criteria were included. Participants were categorized based on -scores derived from lumbar spine dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans. Demographic data, biochemical parameters and TyG index levels were analyzed. Logistic regression, correlation analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were employed for statistical evaluation.

Results: The osteoporosis group ( = 254) exhibited significantly higher TyG index and triglyceride levels compared to controls ( = 263). Longitudinal analysis revealed significant increases in TyG index levels among women developing osteoporosis over time. ROC analysis demonstrated the TyG index's accuracy for osteoporosis (first TyG area under the curve [AUC]: 0.767, second TyG AUC: 0.818,  < 0.001). Regression analyses identified the TyG index as a significant factor associated with osteoporosis (odds ratio: 39.468, 95% confidence interval: 12.884-120.903,  < 0.001).

Conclusions: The TyG index emerges as a valuable indicator for postmenopausal osteoporosis. These results emphasize the need for integrating metabolic health indicators into osteoporosis management strategies, warranting further research into targeted interventions.