Downregulation of and Its Impact on and Expression in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Implications for Biomarker Discovery and Disease Pathogenesis.

Background: This study is designed to investigate the differential microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The focus is on miRNAs that play a crucial role in the onset and progression of T2DM, particularly in glucose metabolism, inflammation, platelet reactivity, and endothelial dysfunction.

Methods: Twenty samples were categorized into groups of T2DM and non-T2DM, and miRNA profiling was conducted using microarray analysis. The expression levels of the candidate , as well as its target genes platelet-activating factor receptor () and insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 3 (), were validated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).

Results: The present study revealed a significant reduction in the level of in the T2DM group compared to the non-T2DM group. This suggests higher levels of and in individuals with T2DM, indicating a potential biomarker for the condition.

Conclusions: The downregulation of , which is associated with increased levels, may contribute to heightened platelet reactivity and inflammation, worsening endothelial dysfunction, and potentially influencing vascular complications in diabetes. Additionally, the upregulation of is correlated with insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction, which may contribute to elevated hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, further aggravating the progression of diabetes. These findings highlight the potential of and as biomarkers for T2DM and suggest their possible relevance for improving diagnosis and treatment strategies.