Bioinspired hierarchical porous tough adhesive to promote sealing of high-pressure bleeding.

Bioact Mater

Department of Anatomy, Engineering Research Center for Organ Intelligent Biological Manufacturing of Chongqing, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.

Published: March 2025

AI Article Synopsis

  • The challenge of sealing uncontrolled high-pressure hemorrhage in emergencies outside surgical settings contributes to high trauma mortality rates, as current hemostatic bioadhesives are ineffective for major arteries and heart wounds.
  • A new tissue-conformable tough matrix is developed using a phase separation process that creates nanoporous aggregates within a double-network matrix, allowing for better energy dissipation and adhesion to soft tissues.
  • This new matrix shows increased durability and sealing capabilities, effectively managing severe bleeding in animal models and outperforming existing bioadhesives, offering a promising solution for treating hemorrhagic wounds.

Article Abstract

Timely and stable sealing of uncontrolled high-pressure hemorrhage in emergency situations outside surgical units remains a major clinical challenge, contributing to the high mortality rate associated with trauma. The currently widely used hemostatic bioadhesives are ineffective for hemorrhage from major arteries and the heart due to the absence of biologically compatible flexible structures capable of simultaneously ensuring conformal tough adhesion and biomechanical support. Here, inspired by the principle of chromatin assembly, we present a tissue-conformable tough matrix for robust sealing of severe bleeding. This hierarchical matrix is fabricated through a phase separation process, which involves the in-situ formation of nanoporous aggregates within a microporous double-network (DN) matrix. The dispersed aggregates disrupt the rigid physical crosslinking of the original DN matrix and function as a dissipative component, enabling the aggregate-based DN (aggDN) matrix to efficiently dissipate energy during stress and achieve improved conformal attachment to soft tissues. Subsequently, pre-activated bridging polymers facilitate rapid interfacial bonding between the matrix and tissue surfaces. They synergistically withstand considerable hydraulic pressure of approximately 700 mmHg and demonstrate exceptional tissue adhesion and sealing in rat cardiac and canine aortic hemorrhages, outperforming the commercially available bioadhesives. Our findings present a promising biomimetic strategy for engineering biomechanically compatible and tough adhesive hydrogels, facilitating prompt and effective treatment of hemorrhagic wounds.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11615148PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.11.003DOI Listing

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