Single dose of recombinant baculovirus vaccine expressing sigma B and sigma C genes provides good protection against novel duck reovirus challenge in ducks.

Poult Sci

Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproducts Developmen, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.

Published: November 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • The novel duck reovirus disease (NDRV) significantly impacts the waterfowl industry, and currently, there are no commercial vaccines available to combat this infection worldwide.
  • Researchers developed two subunit vaccine candidates, σB and σC, using an insect cell-baculovirus expression system (IC-BEVS) to create these vaccines from recombinant viruses targeting NDRV.
  • The study found that a single dose of either σB or σC protein improved immune response and overall health in ducklings better than a traditional whole virus vaccine, with the combination of both subunits showing especially strong protective effects.

Article Abstract

The novel duck reovirus (NDRV) disease causes high economic losses, resulting in substantial economic losses in waterfowl industry. However, currently, no commercial vaccines are available to alleviate NDRV infection throughout the world. Here, we developed two subunit vaccine candidates for NDRV based on the insect cell-baculovirus expression system (IC-BEVS). Two recombinant viruses, namely rBac-σB and rBac-σC, were successfully generated based on the consensus sequence of NDRV. Then, the σB and σC subunit vaccine candidates were prepared by directly inactivating the recombinant virus infected-Sf9 cell suspension. The double antibody-sandwich ELISA was used for quantitative of σB or σC protein in the inactivated crude antigen. Protective efficacy results revealed that, compared with the whole virus inactivated vaccine, a single dose of 160 ng σB or σC protein showed advantages in inducing serum antibodies, elevating weight, alleviating liver and spleen injury, restraining viral shedding and viral replication in ducklings. To be noted, the subunit σC or the combination of subunit σB and σC vaccine candidates had better protective efficacies, especially the combined σB and σC vaccine group. Therefore, our study provides useful information for developing effective vaccine against NDRV infection.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.104565DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11652866PMC

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