Chemotherapy is one of the routine treatment for preventing rapid growth of the tumor cells. However, chemotherapeutic agents, especially doxorubicin cause damages to the normal cells especially cardiomyocytes. Cardiotoxicity induced by chemotherapeutic drugs lead to the myocardial cell injury and finally causes left ventricular dysfunction. It seems that there were some differences in the severity of cardiovascular side effects of drugs used in the treatment of cancers. Sex hormones in male and female play crucial roles in cardiovascular development and physiological function of the heart and blood vessels. Gender differences and sex-specific hormones influence various aspects of cardiovascular health, including ventricular function, mitochondrial autophagy, and the development of abdominal aortic aneurysms. The most important gender related hormones are LH, FSH, testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, prolactin and oxytocin. They exert very important cardiovascular effects via different signaling mechanisms. Sex related hormones are also important in the cardiovascular side effects of chemotherapeutic agents, so that chronic cardiotoxicity induced by anthracyclines is more common in women. During different stages of life (before, during, and after sexual life), the levels of these hormones will be changed. This alterations can affect cardiovascular function during physiological conditions and pathological process. Because of the importance of the sex related hormones in the cardiac function, in this review we tried to comprehensively elucidate the role of these physiological hormones in cardiotoxicity induced by chemotherapeutic agents with emphasizing their signaling mechanisms.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40959-024-00293-3 | DOI Listing |
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth
December 2024
One Day Medical Center, Via Attilio Ambrosini 114, Rome, 00147, Italy.
Background: A normal luteal function is an essential factor for maintaining pregnancy; luteal phase deficiency decreases embryo implantation and pregnancy rate and increases the early miscarriage rate. In stimulated in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) patients, luteal phase support (LPS) is achieved by the exogenous supplementation with progesterone to increase endometrial receptivity and pregnancy. While several protocols exist, no commonly accepted protocol has been established for optimal luteal support after IVF-ET to date, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of two different luteal phase support protocols in patients undergoing assisted reproductive technologies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Womens Health
December 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
Background: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two different vitrification methods and slow freezing in terms of the recovery of endocrine function, follicular morphology and proliferation, apoptosis of stromal cells, and angiogenesis after heterotopic transplantation of human ovarian tissue.
Methods: Ovarian tissue from young women aged 29 to 40 was subjected to two vitrification methods and one slow freezing method. The thawed ovarian tissue was then transplanted into nude mice and divided into three groups (VF1 group, VF2 group, SF group) according to the different freezing methods.
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol
December 2024
College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China. Electronic address:
Cold temperature is an effective method of achieving out-of-season reproduction and obtaining fry in the autumn. This study investigated the effects of low-temperature (12-16 °C) environment on the out-of-season reproduction of largemouth bass, particularly the delayed effects on ovarian development. During the period of delayed out-of-season reproduction, there was a significant reduction in the levels of serum sex hormones (FSH and LH) and their respective receptors (FSHR and LHCGR).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Comput Neurosci
December 2024
Department of Applied Mathematics, and Centre for Theoretical Neuroscience, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue W, Waterloo, N2L 3G1, ON, Canada.
Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) is a paediatric generalized epilepsy disorder with a confounding feature of resolving in adolescence in a majority of cases. In this study, we modelled how the small-scale (synapse-level) effect of progesterone metabolite allopregnanolone induces a large-scale (network-level) effect on a thalamocortical circuit associated with this disorder. In particular, our goal was to understand the role of sex steroid hormones in the spontaneous remission of CAE.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Prim Care Community Health
December 2024
Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Menopause marks a significant transition in a woman's life, typically occurring between the ages of 46 and 55 years, characterized by the cessation of menstruation and a decline in ovarian function. This article provides a comprehensive overview of menopause, examining its physiological, psychological, and social dimensions. It explores the hormonal changes, including decreased levels of estrogen and progesterone, and how these changes contribute to common symptoms such as hot flashes, sleep disturbances, and mood fluctuations.
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