Behavioural avoidance of parasites in the environment generates what is known as the 'landscape of disgust' (analogous to the predator-induced 'landscape of fear'). Despite the potential for improving our inference of host-parasite dynamics, three limitations of the landscape of disgust restrict the insight that is gained from current research: (i) many host-parasite systems will not be appropriate for invoking the landscape of disgust framework; (ii) existing research has primarily focused on immediate choices made by hosts on small scales, limiting predictive power, generalizability, and the value of the insight obtained; and (iii) relevant ecological and evolutionary theory has yet to be integrated into the framework, challenging our ability to interpret the landscape of disgust within the context of most host-parasite systems. In this review, we explore the specific requirements for implementing a landscape of disgust framework in empirical systems. We also propose greater integration of habitat selection and evolutionary theories, aiming to generate novel insight, by exploring how the landscape of disgust varies within and across generations, presenting opportunities for future research. Despite interest in the impacts of parasitism on animal movement and behaviour, many unanswered questions remain.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2024.1919 | DOI Listing |
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Article Synopsis
- Disgust is an evolved response aimed at reducing illness risk, linked to behaviors that help avoid parasites and toxins, but its role in wild animal disease avoidance is not well understood.
- With rising human-wildlife conflicts, understanding disgust is crucial for developing effective conservation strategies, utilizing modern tools in animal ecology for testing behaviors across various species and environments.
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