Genotoxicity in the goldfish of TiO nanoparticles combined with high CO levels.

TiO nanoparticles are photocatalytic, generate reactive oxygen, and can be harmful to aquatic biota. We have studied the toxic effects of nTiO combined with high CO levels in water. We exposed goldfish to environmentally relevant concentrations of nTiO and CO levels. Comet assay results showed that DNA breaks increased at high CO concentration, but no effect of nTiO concentrations was seen. Micronucleus assays showed no significant micronucleus formation. Histopathological alterations were seen in the gills but not in the liver.