AI Article Synopsis
- - The study focuses on analyzing tuberculosis incidence in the 399 municipalities of Paraná, Brazil, between 2018 and 2022, using ecological methods and various statistical models to identify patterns and factors influencing the disease.
- - Findings indicate that high-risk areas for tuberculosis are primarily located in the coastal/port, north, and northeast regions of Paraná, with factors such as municipal development index, environmental sanitation issues, and income inequality positively correlating with higher incidence rates.
- - The research highlights a paradox where tuberculosis clusters exist in regions with higher development indices but significant socioeconomic disparities, suggesting that income inequality contributes to ongoing tuberculosis challenges even in relatively developed areas.
Article Abstract
Objective: To analyze the spatial patterns and factors associated with tuberculosis incidence in the municipalities of Paraná, Brazil.
Materials And Methods: Ecological study examining new tuberculosis cases from 2018 to 2022 in Paraná's 399 municipalities. Incidence coefficients, relative risk, and local indicator of spatial autocorrelation were estimated. Negative binomial models were applied to identify associated factors.
Results: High-risk areas were observed in the coastal/port, north, and northeast regions. The following factors positively influenced tuberculosis incidence: municipal development index (incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 1.07; 95 % confidence interval [95 % CI]: 1.01-1.14), hospitalizations due to inadequate environmental sanitation (IRR: 1.07; 95 % CI: 1.01-1.14), and Gini index (IRR: 1.09; 95 % CI: 1.02-1.16).
Conclusions: Paradoxically, in municipalities with elevated development indices yet marked by socioeconomic disparities-including deficiencies in sanitation-substantial tuberculosis clusters persist. This suggests that income inequality might play a role in perpetuating the incidence even in regions that are otherwise considered developed.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sste.2024.100689 | DOI Listing |
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