Hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus associate with postoperative recurrence in chronic rhinosinusitis patients.

Objective: To investigate the associations between fasting blood glucose (FBG) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the risk of postoperative CRS recurrence.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on clinical data of CRS patients who underwent surgery at our center between February 2019 and March 2022 and were followed up until June 2023. All CRS patients were categorized into two subgroups based on the presence of T2DM and postoperative recurrence. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves and binary logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the associations between FBG, T2DM, and the risk of postoperative CRS recurrence.

Results: 1163 CRS patients were enrolled, including 134 in the T2DM group and 276 in the recurrent group. The recurrence rate in the T2DM group was significantly higher than that in the non-T2DM group (P < 0.05). T2DM prevalence and FBG levels were higher in the recurrent CRS group than in the non-recurrent CRS group (P < 0.05). The Kaplan-Meier survival curves and unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression models showed that T2DM was an independent risk factor for postoperative CRS recurrence (P < 0.05). Moreover, multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that FBG, CRS duration, and allergic rhinitis were associated with the risk of postoperative CRS recurrence (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: Elevated FBG levels and accompanying T2DM were associated with an increased risk of postoperative CRS recurrence, which was independent of traditional risk factors. CRS duration and accompanying allergic rhinitis were also proven to be potential risk factors for postoperative CRS recurrence.