Objective: To examine the prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the US veteran population, and physical, mental, and cognitive health conditions associated with TBI.
Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Setting: A nationally representative sample of US military veterans surveyed in 2019-2020.
Participants: Veterans with probable TBI (n=943; M=58.8 years, SD=16.4; 75.9% non-Hispanic White) and without probable TBI (n=3,033; M=63.3 years, SD=15.3; 78.6% non-Hispanic White) were categorized based on a 2-item modified Veterans Health Administration TBI screen or self-reported health professional diagnoses of concussion/TBI.
Interventions: Not applicable.
Main Outcome Measure(s): Self-reported health professional-diagnosed physical and cognitive health conditions, disability with basic and instrumental activities of daily living (ADLs), positive screens for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, alcohol use disorder, or drug use disorder, and current suicidal ideation or prior suicide attempts.
Results: Among the full sample, 24.5% (95% confidence interval: 22.7, 26.3) had probable TBI. In adjusted analyses, probable TBI was independently associated with greater odds of rheumatoid arthritis (odds ratio [OR]=2.06), chronic pain (OR=1.87), kidney disease (OR=1.81), pulmonary disease (OR=1.74), arthritis (OR=1.65), migraine (OR=1.59), sleep disorders (OR=1.57), and osteoporosis or osteopenia (OR=1.51). Veterans with probable TBI also had higher odds of mild cognitive impairment (OR=4.53) and disability with ADLs (OR=2.18) and instrumental ADLs (OR=1.98), although ADL disability was explained by other physical health conditions. Probable TBI was associated with higher odds of probable current anxiety disorder (OR=2.82), major depressive disorder (OR=2.17), suicidal ideation (OR=1.78), PTSD (OR=1.72), drug use disorder (OR=1.54), and alcohol use disorder (OR=1.47).
Conclusions: Nearly 1-in-4 US veterans screen positive for probable TBI, which was associated with several physical and mental health conditions that adversely affect health and functioning. Results underscore the importance of multidisciplinary interventions that concurrently target the unique physical, mental, cognitive, and functional health needs of this population.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2024.11.010 | DOI Listing |
J Clin Med
November 2024
Grupo Bienestar, Salud y Sociedad, Escuela de Psicología y Educación, Universidad de Las Américas, 170137 Quito, Ecuador.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide and often leads to long-lasting emotional, physical, and cognitive changes and results in reduced functioning across multiple domains. These changes often lead to strain in marital relationships as the uninjured spouse grapples with adapting to the changes in their partner. The purpose of this study was to examine the probability of marital stability after TBI at 6 and 12 months following injury (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Speech Lang Pathol
December 2024
Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.
Introduction: Naming difficulties are commonly reported in the acute and subacute stages of recovery of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and across severity levels. Previous studies, however, have used samples of mixed chronicity (acute and chronic) and severity (mild and severe) and then aggregated data across individuals from these distinct groups. Thus, we have little knowledge about the persistence of naming difficulties into the chronic stage of recovery in individuals with moderate-severe TBI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Open
December 2024
Federal University of Sergipe, Sao Cristovao, Brazil
Background: Patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) may develop pressure injury (PI) due to haemodynamic instability caused by the disease, lack of mobility in bed, as well as intense and prolonged compression in prominent bone areas.
Objective: The objective of this review is to assess the incidence and identify risk factor for the development of PI in patients with moderate and severe TBI admitted to the ICU.
Method: Searches were conducted in the PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Trove and Open Grey databases, including all records found up to May 2023.
JAMA Netw Open
December 2024
Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco.
Importance: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with chronic medical conditions. Evidence from diverse clinical administrative datasets may improve care delivery.
Objective: To characterize post-TBI risk of incident neuropsychiatric and medical conditions in a California health care system administrative database and validate findings from a Massachusetts dataset.
Prehosp Emerg Care
December 2024
Department of Emergency Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN, US.
Objectives: Clinical management of traumatic brain injury (TBI) focuses on preventing secondary injury from cerebral edema and ongoing anoxic injury. Consensus guidelines recommend maintaining systolic blood pressure (SBP) 110 mmHg. A recent prehospital study suggested lowest adjusted mortality from 130 mmHg to 180 mmHg, suggesting the ideal pressure may be higher.
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