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Paneth cell-like differentiation in urothelial carcinoma: A hitherto unreported phenomena?
Hum Pathol
November 2024
Department of Pathology, Stanford Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the occurrence of rete hyperplasia and hyaline globules in germ cell tumors, with a focus on their potential to mimic yolk sac tumors, noting a significant misdiagnosis risk over the years.
- Out of 348 evaluated orchiectomies, 30% showed rete hyperplasia and/or hyaline globules, often without any yolk sac tumor component, suggesting a complexity in tumor classifications.
- The findings highlight the importance of accurately identifying these histological features, as they may indicate underlying testicular obstruction due to the tumor, which is crucial for proper treatment decisions.
The small intestinal crypts harbor secretory Paneth cells (PCs) which express bactericidal peptides that are crucial for maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Considering the diverse environmental conditions throughout the course of the small intestine, multiple subtypes of PCs are expected to exist. We applied single-cell RNA-sequencing of PCs combined with deep bulk RNA-sequencing on PC populations of different small intestinal locations and discovered several expression-based PC clusters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransplant of microbiota from Crohn's disease patients to germ-free mice results in colitis.
Gut Microbes
March 2024
Daniel Cracchiolo Institute for Pediatric Autoimmune Disease Research, Steele Children's Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Although the role of the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is beyond debate, attempts to verify the causative role of IBD-associated dysbiosis have been limited to reports of promoting the disease in genetically susceptible mice or in chemically induced colitis. We aimed to further test the host response to fecal microbiome transplantation (FMT) from Crohn's disease patients on mucosal homeostasis in ex-germ-free (xGF) mice. We characterized and transferred fecal microbiota from healthy patients and patients with defined Crohn's ileocolitis (CD_L3) to germ-free mice and analyzed the resulting microbial and mucosal homeostasis by 16S profiling, shotgun metagenomics, histology, immunofluorescence (IF) and RNAseq analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIon Transport Basis of Diarrhea, Paneth Cell Metaplasia, and Upregulation of Mechanosensory Pathway in Anti-CD40 Colitis Mice.
Inflamm Bowel Dis
September 2024
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dept. of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Anti-CD40 antibody treatment in Rag2-/- mice leads to significant weight loss and diarrhea, showcasing the model's similarity to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) symptoms.
- Examination of distal colonic tissues reveals increased inflammation, altered expression of important transporters and proteins, and evidence of Paneth cell metaplasia.
- The findings suggest the potential of the anti-CD40 colitis model for studying ulcerative colitis (UC) pathophysiology due to its resemblance to key features of human IBD.
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