Strong Factors to Preserve Breast in Surgery Preferences among Javanese Ethnicities of Breast Cancer Patients.

Introduction: As breast cancer treatment advances, more breast cancer patients have the option to keep their breasts. This offers them more choices based on their preferences. However, not all eligible patients opt for Breast-Conserving Surgery (BCS) due to various factors. This study aims to examine patient-related factors in the selection of surgical procedures in Javanese breast cancer patients.

Methods: Between July 2023 to October 2023, the researcher collected data on 407 Javanese ethnic breast cancer patients of stage 1 and stage 2 from the 2018-2022 database. These patients were then divided into 2 groups, those who opted for BCS or breast preservation and those who chose mastectomy without breast reconstruction. Then, data regarding factors that were considered to influence the patients' choice of surgery type were collected. The researchers collected complete data from the 240 respondents. The factors in these 2 groups were then analyzed univariately. Factors that tended to influence were analyzed in a multivariate way. The determined significance level was 0.05.

Results: Of the 240 Javanese early breast cancer, 152 (66.2%) who were eligible for BCS, chose mastectomy, and 81 (33.8%) of them chose BCS. The multi-variate data showed that many patients who preferred BCS over mastectomy were in the group with small tumor sizes with OR 2.78 and P 0.01. The second strong factor was the small number of children with OR 2.74 and P 0.01. Other factors that also influenced were the patients' old age, single status, high education, and without neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).

Conclusions: Of all the Javanese early breast cancer patients, only 33.8% chose BCS. Factors that supported the choice of BCS were small tumor size, a small number of children, old age, single status, high education, and no NAC. But Tumor size was the strongest factor.