Body-focused repetitive behavior (BFRB) disorders, including hair pulling disorder (trichotillomania [TTM]) and skin picking disorder (SPD), frequently co-occur with anxiety disorders, but reported comorbidity rates vary widely. Additionally, research on the relationship between anxiety and BFRB symptoms has yielded inconsistent findings. This meta-analysis and systematic review examined (1) the prevalence of comorbid anxiety disorders in individuals with BFRB disorders and (2) correlations between anxiety and BFRB symptom measures. The study protocol was pre-registered on PROSPERO. A systematic search of PsycInfo, PubMed, and Web of Science identified 119 studies (N=15,902) reporting anxiety prevalence rates in BFRB disorders and/or correlations between anxiety and BFRBs. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted, including subgroup analyses for TTM and SPD, and meta-regression to examine potential moderators. Results indicated that comorbid anxiety disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), social anxiety, panic disorder, and specific phobia, were relatively common in BFRBs. Current prevalence rates were 19.2% for GAD, 12.8% for OCD, 10.6% for social anxiety, and 27.5% for 'any anxiety disorder.' Lifetime prevalence rates were 22.4% for GAD, 13.8% for OCD, 11.0% for social anxiety, and 35.9% for 'any anxiety disorder.' Pooled correlations between anxiety and BFRB severity were low to moderate (all BFRBs r=.29; TTM r=.27; SPD r=.34). Anxiety symptoms showed stronger correlations with focused BFRB measures (r=.42) than automatic (r=.15). These findings highlight a nuanced relationship between anxiety and BFRBs. While comorbid anxiety disorders are frequently observed in BFRB populations, anxiety severity is only modestly associated with BFRB severity. Implications for future research and clinical practice are discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.062 | DOI Listing |
Arch Clin Neuropsychol
December 2024
Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, 9 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A5, Canada.
Objective: Technology can be combined with psychological interventions to support older adults with memory concerns. Using a bi-phasic design, cognitive rehabilitation (CR) was integrated with off-the-shelf technology and delivered to two people with cognitive impairment, and one care partner.
Method: Pre- and post-intervention assessments were completed for all participants.
BMC Psychol
December 2024
Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Background: There is a lack of self-report measures specifically designed for Adjustment disorder. One of the most widely used instruments is the Adjustment Disorder New Module (ADNM), which has already been validated in different countries. The aim of this study was to validate the Spanish version of the ADNM-20 with a non-clinical sample, including a comparison with a high-risk sample.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPilot Feasibility Stud
December 2024
Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Background: This pilot study aimed to provide supportive evidence for the feasibility of conducting a full-scale intervention trial with patients newly diagnosed with head and neck cancer (HNC). This included assessing the acceptability and potential usefulness of the PTSD Coach mobile app as an early self-management intervention that gives information about anxiety symptoms, offers self-assessment of symptoms with feedback, tools to self-manage anxiety, and connects to support.
Methods: A three-arm randomized controlled trial was conducted.
Mol Autism
December 2024
Department of Neurosciences, Center for Developmental Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Background: Difficulties with (non-verbal) social communication, including facial expression processing, constitute a hallmark of autism. Intranasal administration of oxytocin has been considered a potential therapeutic option for improving social difficulties in autism, either by enhancing the salience of social cues or by reducing the social stress and anxiety experienced in social encounters.
Methods: We recorded fMRI brain activity while presenting neutral, fearful and scrambled faces, to compare the neural face processing signature of autistic children (n = 58) with that of matched non-autistic controls (n = 38).
BMC Womens Health
December 2024
Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Body image distress (BID) refers to psychological distress caused by deviations in the individual's self-aesthetic ability. The objectives of this study are to investigate the prevalence of psychological distress; and to assess the role of anxiety in the relationship between body image distress and quality of life (QoL) among women with polycystic ovary syndrome using a path analysis approach.
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