Background/objectives: Smoking increases the risk for multiple lifestyle-related diseases. In Japan, consumption of heated tobacco products (HTPs), a novel cigarette type, is rising. However, no studies have yet compared dietary habits among HTP smokers. This study assessed food and nutrient intake and alcohol consumption by smoking status (non-smokers, cigarette smokers, HTP smokers).
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 237 HTP smokers, 242 cigarette smokers, and 178 non-smokers (50% each male and female). The Brief Self-Administered Diet History Questionnaire was administered as a nutritional survey, and smokers were asked about their smoking status, including smoking history and the number of puffs smoked per day.
Results: A significantly higher intake of meat was seen in HTP smokers than in cigarette smokers ( = 0.038), and HTP smokers showed the lowest intake of vitamin D in all groups. HTP and cigarette smokers had a lower intake of certain vitamins, minerals, and dietary fiber compared with non-smokers. The rate of habitual drinkers (at least one drink a month) and their alcohol consumption (g/day) were significantly lower in non-smokers (58%, 1.3 g) than in HTP smokers (67%, 4.8 g) and cigarette smokers (70%, 7.1 g) ( = 0.031). Additionally, after adjusting for sex and smoking status in a multiple regression analysis, the number of puffs was a significant contributor to alcohol intake in HTP smokers (β = 0.296, < 0.001).
Conclusions: This study identified significant dietary, nutritional, and alcohol consumption differences based on smoking status, underscoring the need to consider both diet and smoking type in nutritional counseling and smoking cessation guidance.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu16223881 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Nursing, Hanseo University, Seosan-Si, Republic of Korea.
Purpose: Despite the advent of heated tobacco products (HTPs), their relationship to mental health remains unclear. This study aimed to determine associations between the use of combustible cigarettes (CCs) and HTPs with depressive symptoms.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in March 2023.
Korean J Fam Med
December 2024
Health Institute, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea.
Background: The use of heated tobacco products (HTPs) among Korean adults has been steadily increasing since they were first introduced in 2017. It is known that smoking combustible cigarettes (CCs) adversely affects the serum lipid profile and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the health impacts of HTPs remain under- researched.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
November 2024
Field of Food and Nutrition, Department of Living Environment, Graduate School of Home Economics, Kyoto Women's University, Kyoto 605-8501, Japan.
Background/objectives: Smoking increases the risk for multiple lifestyle-related diseases. In Japan, consumption of heated tobacco products (HTPs), a novel cigarette type, is rising. However, no studies have yet compared dietary habits among HTP smokers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet
November 2024
RAI Services Company, 401 N. Main Street, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA.
Chem Res Toxicol
November 2024
ABF, Analytisch-Biologisches Forschungslabor GmbH, Semmelweisstr. 5, Planegg 82152, Germany.
Tobacco smoke contains several electrophilic constituents which are capable of forming adducts with nucleophilic sites in DNA and proteins like hemoglobin (Hb) and albumin. New nicotine and tobacco products are discussed as less harmful forms of tobacco use compared to smoking combustible cigarettes (CC) due to reduced exposure to harmful constituents. Hence, the adduct profile in users of various tobacco/nicotine products is expected to differ characteristically.
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