Review of Lyme Borreliosis in Africa-An Emerging Threat in Africa.

Lyme borreliosis (LB) is more common in the Northern Hemisphere. It is endemic mainly in North America, where the vectors are and , and in Eurasia, where the vectors are and . Both tick-borne diseases and LB are influenced by climate change. Africa and South America are crossed by the equator and are situated in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. In Africa, the LB is present on the Mediterranean and the Indian Ocean coasts. is prevalent in countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea, such as Tunisia, Morocco, Algeria, and Egypt. Ticks were detected in the , which are carried by migratory birds and the and captured by the lizards. The Lyme Group (LG) and, in particular, , have been reported in countries bordering the Indian Ocean, such as Kenya, Tanzania, and Mozambique, transported by migratory birds from North African countries, where the vector was identified as ticks. This review aims to document the presence of LG and LB in Africa.