Severity: Warning
Message: Undefined array key "choices"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 249
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 249
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 249
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 249
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: strpos(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($haystack) of type string is deprecated
Filename: models/Detail_model.php
Line Number: 71
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/models/Detail_model.php
Line: 71
Function: strpos
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 252
Function: insertAPISummary
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 8919
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 8919
Function: str_replace
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 255
Function: formatAIDetailSummary
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Undefined array key "choices"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 256
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 256
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 256
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 256
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 256
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 256
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Undefined array key "usage"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 257
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 257
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 257
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 257
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Undefined array key "usage"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 258
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 258
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 258
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 258
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Undefined array key "usage"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 259
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 259
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 259
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 259
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Undefined array key "usage"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 260
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 260
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 260
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 260
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 260
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 260
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Vanilla flavour is widely used in various industries and is the most broadly used flavouring agent in the food industry. The demand for this flavour is, therefore, extremely high, yet vanilla bean extracts can only meet about 1% of the overall demand. Vanillin, the main constituent of vanilla flavour, can easily be obtained through chemical synthesis. Nonetheless, consumer demands for natural products and environmentally friendly industrial processes drive the development of biotechnological approaches for its production. Some microorganisms can naturally produce vanillin when fed with various substrates, including eugenol, isoeugenol, and ferulic acid. The characterisation of the genes and enzymes involved in these bioconversion pathways, as well as progress in the understanding of vanillin biosynthesis in orchids, allowed the development of genetic engineering and synthetic biology approaches to increase vanillin production in naturally vanillin-producing microorganisms, or to implement novel vanillin biosynthetic pathways in microbial chassis. This review summarises and discusses these genetic engineering and synthetic biology approaches for the microbial production of vanillin.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11591617 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom14111413 | DOI Listing |
Mamm Genome
December 2024
Department of Nephrology and Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), No. 61# Jiefang West Road, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China.
Exonuclease 1 (EXO1) is an evolutionarily conserved exonuclease, which have function on maintaining genomic stability. Elevated expression of EXO1 has been reported in certain cancers. However, a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of EXO1 is still lacking and its role in human cancer development remains poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe pine wood nematode (PWN), , is one of the most serious invasive forest pests, responsible for pine wilt disease (PWD). Currently, there are no effective, environmentally friendly control methods available. RNA interference (RNAi) technology has been extensively utilized to screen functional genes in eukaryotes and to explore sustainable pest management approaches through genetic engineering.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Fish Dis
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), a freshwater fish species, is cultivated widely across China. The industry has been greatly affected by various viral diseases. We generated a new immortal cell line from the fin of M.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall Methods
December 2024
Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Instrument for Life Science, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China.
DNA, as natural polymers, not only serves as the genetic material but also shows great potential as assistants for efficient and targeted nanoparticle separation. This is due to its high programmability, excellent biocompatibility, and stability for effectively binding with various types of nanoparticles or bioparticles, while modifying physical properties of target particles such as charge, mass and size. Researchers have achieved remarkable efficiency in separating nanoparticles by precisely designing DNA sequences and their interactions with target particles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Ecol
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture (CAS), Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
Phenotypic plasticity plays an essential role in adaptive evolution. However, the molecular mechanisms of how genotype-by-environment interaction (G × E) effects shape phenotypic plasticity in marine organisms remain poorly understood. The crucial temperature-responsive trait triacylglycerol (TAG) content and its major gene adipose triglyceride lipase (Atgl) expression have divergent plastic patterns in two congeneric oyster species (Crassostrea gigas and Crassostrea angulata) to adapt to relative-cold/northern and relative-warm/southern habitats, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!