AXL has ubiquitous expression in multiple cancers, and is strongly linked to both tumor progression, metastasis, and poor prognosis, as well as anti-tumor immune response suppression and induction of tumor resistance to immunotherapy. Therefore, it is a strong target for cancer intervention. Despite the wide application of AXL inhibitors in clinical trials, the role of AXL in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) remains undetermined. Herein, we established cell lines with stable AXL knockdown or overexpression using lentiviral infection. Subsequently, we co-cultured the cells with healthy human blood-derived CD33 + PBMCs. After two days of culture, we evaluated the differentiation of PBMCs into MDSCs. Additionally, the culture supernatants were collected from both the co-culture system and the individual cultures of each cell group to measure the concentrations of IL-6 and GM-CSF. Additionally, we subcutaneously administered nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells into mice, and evaluated the association between AXL content and MDSC recruitment in the resulting tumors. We demonstrated that AXL is a critical modulator of MDSC differentiation and accumulation in NPC. It modulates IL-6, GM-CSF, and Toll-like receptor contents to achieve the aforementioned actions. Herein, we revealed a strong and direct link between AXL, cytokines in TIME, and MDSC differentiation and accumulation. Our work highlights novel approaches to optimizing existing immunotherapeutic interventions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12032-024-02561-9 | DOI Listing |
Ther Clin Risk Manag
December 2024
Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Longgang Otolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Otolaryngology Research Institute, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Objective: This study aims to summarize the clinical characteristics of skull base osteoradionecrosis (ORN) with the internal carotid artery (ICA) involvement and to distill the key surgical techniques that can enhance the protective measures for ICA.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective, observational study over a six-year period from February 2017 to May 2023. We included patients who were diagnosed with osteoradionecrosis with invasion of the internal carotid artery and collected their demographic information, pathology results, complication rates, ect.
Laryngoscope
December 2024
Division of Rhinology, Department of Otolaryngology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Objective: Post-irradiation sinonasal mucosa disease (SMD) is observed in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with radiotherapy (RT), leading to a detrimental impact on quality of life. This study aimed to assess the incidence, severity, and regression of the post-irradiation SMD among patients with NPC treated with proton therapy.
Methods: NPC patients treated with proton therapy were retrospectively enrolled.
ACS Omega
December 2024
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is prevalent in Southern China. Unfortunately, current treatments encounter multidrug resistance (MDR). Overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), resulting in the efflux of chemotherapy drugs, is one of the significant mechanisms causing MDR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Otolaryngol
December 2024
Department of Otolaryngology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan; Head and Neck Cancer Surveillance & Research Group, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Electrical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. Electronic address:
Background: Cancer has consistently been the leading cause of death worldwide, with head and neck cancer (HNC) being one of the top ten causes of cancer-related death. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), in particular, is a cancer that is unique to East Asia. Numerous studies have shown that the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA load and the systemic immune inflammation (SII) index can serve as prognostic indicators for NPC patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransl Oncol
December 2024
Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China. Electronic address:
Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial malignancy with poorly understood underlying molecular mechanisms. Ferroptosis, a form of programmed cell death, is not fully elucidated in NPC.
Method: We conducted quantitative proteomics to detect dysregulated proteins in NPC tissues.
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