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Tracing 600 years of long-distance Atlantic cod trade in medieval and post-medieval Oslo using stable isotopes and ancient DNA. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Marine resources, particularly cod, have historically been crucial for the survival and economic growth of northern European coastal communities, serving as key indicators of fishing practices and trade networks.
  • A study analyzing ancient DNA and stable isotopes from archaeological cod remains in Oslo (11th-17th centuries CE) revealed that Atlantic cod was sourced from various distant populations, including northern Norway and possibly Iceland, showing evidence of long-distance trade as early as the 11th century.
  • The research not only dates the exploitation of specific cod stocks but also demonstrates the effectiveness of combining ancient DNA methods with stable isotope analysis to understand the evolution of medieval and post-medieval marine fisheries.

Article Abstract

Marine resources have been important for the survival and economic development of coastal human communities across northern Europe for millennia. Knowledge of the origin of such historic resources can provide key insights into fishing practices and the spatial extent of trade networks. Here, we combine ancient DNA and stable isotopes (δC, δN, non-exchangeable δH and δS) to investigate the geographical origin of archaeological cod remains in Oslo from the eleventh to seventeenth centuries CE. Our findings provide genetic evidence that Atlantic cod was obtained from different geographical populations, including a variety of distant-water populations like northern Norway and possibly Iceland. Evidence for such long-distance cod trade is already observed from the eleventh century, contrasting with archaeological and historical evidence from Britain and other areas of Continental Europe around the North and Baltic Seas, where such trade increased during the thirteenth to fourteenth centuries. The genomic assignments of specimens to different populations coincide with significantly different δC values between those same specimens, indicating that multiple Atlantic cod populations living in different environments were exploited. This research provides novel information about the exploitation timeline of specific Atlantic cod stocks and highlights the utility of combining ancient DNA (aDNA) methods and stable isotope analysis to describe the development of medieval and post-medieval marine fisheries.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11597396PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2024.2019DOI Listing

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