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Carotenoid Interactions with PCSK9: Exploring Novel Cholesterol-Lowering Strategies.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
: This study investigated the potential of green algae-derived carotenoids as natural inhibitors of the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), a key regulator of cholesterol metabolism. PCSK9 promotes the degradation of low-density lipoprotein receptors (LDLR), thereby increasing blood cholesterol levels and elevating the risk of cardiovascular diseases. /: We screened the pharmacophore fit score of 27 carotenoids with PCSK9 and identified 14 that were analyzed for binding affinity and molecular interactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPCSK9 Inhibitors: Focus on Evolocumab and Its Impact on Atherosclerosis Progression.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
This paper investigates the therapeutic use of PCSK9 inhibitors, particularly Evolocumab, as monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of atherosclerosis based on recent literature reviews. PCSK9 is an outstanding example of a breakthrough in medical science, with advancements in understanding its biological function driving substantial progress in atherosclerosis treatment. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a leading global cause of mortality, imposing substantial financial burdens on healthcare systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Emerging Role of PCSK9 in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease: A Possible Target for the Disease Treatment.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease mainly caused by β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation in the brain. Among the several factors that may concur to AD development, elevated cholesterol levels and brain cholesterol dyshomeostasis have been recognized to play a relevant role. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a protein primarily known to regulate plasma low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) rich in cholesterol and to be one of the main causes of familial hypercholesterolemia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPAC1 Agonist Maxadilan Reduces Atherosclerotic Lesions in Hypercholesterolemic ApoE-Deficient Mice.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Philipps-University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 8, 35037 Marburg, Germany.
A possible involvement of immune- and vasoregulatory PACAP signaling at the PAC1 receptor in atherogenesis and plaque-associated vascular inflammation has been suggested. Therefore, we tested the PAC1 receptor agonist Maxadilan and the PAC1 selective antagonist M65 on plaque development and lumen stenosis in the ApoE atherosclerosis model for possible effects on atherogenesis. Adult male ApoE mice were fed a cholesterol-enriched diet (CED) or standard chow (SC) treated with Maxadilan, M65 or Sham.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrescriptive Appropriateness and Efficacy of Cholesterol-Lowering Drugs in a Secondary Prevention Setting-A Retrospective Analysis from Two Italian Cardiac Rehabilitation Centers.
J Clin Med
December 2024
Pharmacology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
Treatment of CV risk factors, such as cholesterol level, represents one of the main goals to reduce atherosclerotic burden. The aim of this study was to investigate the prescriptive appropriateness of cholesterol-lowering drugs among patients who experienced an atherosclerotic CV disease (ASCVD). : We investigated 155 patients who underwent cardiac rehabilitation in 2020.
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