The adipose tissue surrounding blood vessels is known as perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), which represents a distinct ectopic fat depot that adheres to the majority of the vasculature. In recent years, owing to its unique location and function, PVAT has been regarded as a new type of adipose tissue distinct from traditional visceral fat. It releases adipokines with vasoconstrictive functions, which regulate vascular function through paracrine and endocrine mechanisms. Interestingly, PVAT can be categorized as white, brown or a mixture of both depending on its anatomical location. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is located adjacent to the thoracic aorta in rodents, while a mix of brown and white tissue surrounds the abdominal aorta. PVAT exhibits regional phenotypic differences in different parts of the vasculature bed, which may lead to heterogeneity in the secretion profiles and norepinephrine (NE) content in regional PVAT and subsequently affect the regulation of specific adipokine signaling pathways in regional PVAT, resulting in differences in the regulation of vascular function. The aim of this review was to explore the potential factors that influence the anticontractile function of regional PVAT in the vasculature, including the heterogeneity of regional PVAT, the anticontractile function mediated by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in regional PVAT, the activity of the adiponectin-eNOS pathway in regional PVAT adipocytes, and the concentration of the sympathetic neurotransmitter NE in regional PVAT.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11586278 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2024.1499340 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Patient-Level Pericoronary Adipose Tissue Mean Attenuation: Associations with Plaque Characteristics.
J Cardiovasc Dev Dis
November 2024
Cardiovascular Research Unit, Odense University Hospital Svendborg, 5700 Svendborg, Denmark.
Article Synopsis
- - The study explores the role of pericoronary adipose tissue attenuation (PCAT) as a potential marker of inflammation in coronary artery disease by analyzing data from 466 patients who underwent coronary CT angiography (CCTA).
- - Findings revealed that PCAT measurements varied significantly between calcified and soft plaques, showing a positive association with total and non-calcified plaque burdens, while being negatively linked to calcified plaque burden.
- - The research concluded that PCAT had a more pronounced effect on plaque characteristics in the absence of different plaque types, indicating its potential importance in understanding coronary artery disease progression.
Phenotypic and functional disparities in perivascular adipose tissue.
Front Physiol
November 2024
International College, Guangzhou College of Commerce, Guangzhou, China.
The adipose tissue surrounding blood vessels is known as perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), which represents a distinct ectopic fat depot that adheres to the majority of the vasculature. In recent years, owing to its unique location and function, PVAT has been regarded as a new type of adipose tissue distinct from traditional visceral fat. It releases adipokines with vasoconstrictive functions, which regulate vascular function through paracrine and endocrine mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessing abdominal aortic aneurysm growth using radiomic features of perivascular adipose tissue after endovascular repair.
Insights Imaging
September 2024
Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Article Synopsis
- A study looked at how certain features of fat around blood vessels (called PVAT) relate to the growth of a type of bulging blood vessel called an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) after a specific surgery (EVAR).
- The researchers checked 79 patients and found that those whose AAAs were growing had fat characteristics that were different from those whose AAAs were not growing.
- They discovered that by combining fat features and other health info, they could better predict if an AAA would get worse, showing that the fat around the vessel may help doctors know what to expect.
Cross-talks between perivascular adipose tissue and neighbors: multifaceted nature of nereids.
Front Pharmacol
August 2024
School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is a unique fat depot surrounding blood vessels and plays a vital role in the progression of vascular remodeling and dysfunction. PVAT exhibits remarkable differences in structure, phenotype, origin, and secretome across anatomical locations. The proximity of PVAT to neighboring vascular beds favors a niche for bidirectional communication between adipocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, and immune cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPerivascular Adipose Tissue and Uterine Artery Adaptations to Pregnancy.
Microcirculation
July 2024
Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Pregnancy requires various physiological changes in the mother, including increased blood flow to the uterus to support fetal development and placental growth.
- Key adaptations include reduced resistance in the uterine arteries and remodeling, driven by altered cell communication between endothelial and smooth muscle cells.
- Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) plays a crucial role in regulating vascular reactivity, contributing to the adaptations seen in maternal circulation during pregnancy.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!