Measurement burst designs typically administer brief cognitive tests four times per day for 1 week, resulting in a maximum of 28 data points per week per test for every 6 months. In Alzheimer's disease clinical trials, utilizing measurement burst designs holds great promise for boosting statistical power by collecting huge amount of data. However, appropriate methods for analyzing these complex datasets are not well investigated. Furthermore, the large amount of burst design data also poses tremendous challenges for traditional computational procedures such as SAS mixed or Nlmixed. We propose to analyze burst design data using novel hierarchical linear mixed effects models or hierarchical mixed models for repeated measures. Through simulations and real-world data applications using the novel SAS procedure Hpmixed, we demonstrate these hierarchical models' efficiency over traditional models. Our sample simulation and analysis code can serve as a catalyst to facilitate the methodology development for burst design data.
Mechanical non-conformance of conventionally used transvaginal non-degradable meshes has led to complications like organ perforation, dyspareunia caused by mesh stiffness, and stress shielding. In this study, we have solved the dire need of mimicking the mechanical properties of vaginal wall by designing and developing a soft and elastic mesh made of polycaprolactone (PCL), citric acid modified polyethylene glycol (PEGC) and zinc oxide (ZnO) prepared through electrospinning and is tested in-vitro and in-vivo. Mesh containing 90:10:0.
Objective: To estimate the influence of bursts of rapid HIV transmission on future transmission and describe populations affected by transmission bursts.
Design: Phylogenetic analysis of US National HIV Surveillance System data.
Methods: Time-scaled phylogenetic trees were inferred for six geographic regions using sequences from persons with HIV (PWH) with diagnoses of HIV infection 2014-2019.
Importance: Infrequent intraprocedural premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) limit the efficacy of catheter ablation. Intravascular stimulation of sympathetic nerves via vertebral veins (VVs) has been used to activate cardiac sympathetic tone and may promote PVCs.
Objective: To characterize the ability of direct electrical sympathetic stimulation via VVs to induce PVCs at the time of catheter ablation.
Leidenfrost puddles exhibit erratic bubble bursts that release vapor trapped beneath the liquid, becoming amorphous and unstable. We report a method to stabilize and design a Leidenfrost puddle. When a thin hydrophilic layer with a suitable design is placed over the liquid, the puddle adopts the layer shape due to adhesive forces and becomes stable.
Ocular drug-delivery is one of the most challenging areas owing to nature of ocular tissues. Various nanoformulations have been designed and investigated for drug-delivery to achieve high drug bioavailability. The major focus of preparations available in market is to utilize nanomaterial as drug-carrier, with less focus on developing functional-nanomaterials, which is a key knowledge gap in the field.
