Cardiac biomarkers and CT coronary angiography for the assessment of coronary heart disease.

Clin Biochem

Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.

Published: November 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • The use of cardiac biomarkers over the past 30 years has significantly changed how we diagnose coronary heart disease, particularly with cardiac troponin being key for identifying heart attacks.
  • High-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) tests help in quickly ruling out heart attacks and predicting future heart problems, alongside other biomarkers that assess atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD) and coronary artery disease (CAD).
  • Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is now a primary imaging tool to evaluate potential heart issues, allowing for detailed analysis of coronary artery conditions, and future research focuses on integrating CCTA with biomarker testing for better management and prevention of coronary heart disease.

Article Abstract

Over the last 30 years, the widespread use of cardiac biomarkers has transformed the diagnostic evaluation of patients with coronary heart disease. Cardiac troponin is integral to the definition of acute myocardial infarction. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) assays can improve risk stratification to facilitate both the rapid rule out of myocardial infarction and prediction of future cardiovascular events. Numerous circulating biomarkers representing different pathological pathways improve prediction of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD) and coronary artery disease (CAD). In parallel, coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) has become the most widely used imaging modality for the evaluation of patients with possible angina. CCTA now allows for the quantification of coronary calcification, atherosclerotic plaque volume and different plaque characteristics, enabling the identification high-risk features and inflammation. In the future, the use of CCTA is likely to extend to risk stratification for the prevention of ACVD. As such, how to integrate these diagnostic and prognostic circulating and imaging biomarkers is a topic of considerable interest. This review aims to describe current status and future possibilities for the integration of CCTA and cardiac biomarker testing to improve the identification and treatment of individuals with coronary heart disease and heightened cardiovascular risk.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2024.110857DOI Listing

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