Metabolomics analyses provide insights into the nutritional quality profiling in 95 avocado germplasms grown in China.

Avocado is widely grown in tropical and subtropical regions of China. Diverse germplasms have been generated through natural hybridization and selective breeding. Here, to screen high-quality avocado germplasms, we characterized the nutritional quality of 95 avocado germplasms grown in China based on metabolomics. The oil content of the 95 avocado germplasms was 2.18 %-16.60 % and followed a normal distribution. We further profiled nine fatty acids, 16 hydrolyzed amino acids, and eight mineral elements in avocado fruit, which varied widely among different germplasms. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between fatty acid components, as well as between amino acid components and between mineral elements. Clustering analysis and evaluation of the 95 avocado germplasms identified 14 germplasms with high nutritional quality. These findings provide a basis for evaluation of avocado fruit quality and utilization of high-quality avocado germplasms, as well as important implications for the breeding of avocado.