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Assessing severity of pediatric pneumonia using multimodal transformers with multi-task learning.
Digit Health
December 2024
Department of Data and Information, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Objective: While current multimodal approaches in the diagnosis and severity assessment of pneumonia demonstrate remarkable performance, they frequently overlook the issue of modality absence-a common challenge in clinical practice. Thus, we present the (RMT) model, crafted to bridge this gap. The RMT model aims to enhance diagnosis and severity assessment accuracy in situations with incomplete data, thereby ensuring it meets the complex needs of real-world clinical settings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnderstanding frictions in patient-reported outcome-based community healthcare - An institutional logics perspective.
Digit Health
December 2024
DEFACTUM - Public Health Research, Central Denmark Region, Aarhus, Denmark.
Objective: Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures in community-based healthcare play a significant role in the emerging field of digital health. This qualitative study explored healthcare professionals' (HCPs') experiences of integrating 'MyPROfile' as a dialogue tool in consultations in community healthcare.
Methods: Adopting a qualitative approach with a social constructivist perspective, the study utilised qualitative interviews, participant observations, and focus group interviews.
Risk Factors Associated With Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy due to Rare Mutations in Mitochondrial DNA-Encoded Respiratory Complex I Subunits.
Clin Genet
December 2024
Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
An in-depth analysis of susceptibility factors modifying the penetrance of rare Leber hereditary optic neuropathy-causing mutations in respiratory complex I genes encoded in mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid has not been performed. To bridge this gap, we conducted a review of the literature on rare mutations associated with LHON, selected those with substantial evidence of pathogenicity, and performed an in-depth analysis of the various pedigrees. Examining the influences that modify the penetrance of the classical mutations associated with this disease may offer insights into susceptibility factors in individuals carrying the rare mutations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOptimism and pessimism: a concept for behavioural ecology.
Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc
December 2024
Institute for Neuro- and Behavioural Biology, University of Münster, Badestr. 13, Münster, 48149, Germany.
Originating from human psychology, the concepts of "optimism" and "pessimism" were transferred to animal welfare science about 20 years ago to study emotional states in non-human animals. Over time, "optimism" and "pessimism" have developed into valuable welfare indicators, but little focus has been put on the ecological implications of this concept. Here, we aim to bridge this gap and underline the great potential for transferring it to behavioural ecology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRethinking Biomedical Titanium Alloy Design: A Review of Challenges from Biological and Manufacturing Perspectives.
Adv Healthc Mater
December 2024
School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
Current biomedical titanium alloys have been repurposed from other industries, which has contributed to several biologically driven implant failure mechanisms. This review highlights the added value that may be gained by building an appreciation of implant biological responses at the onset of alloy design. Specifically, the fundamental mechanisms associated with immune response, angiogenesis, osseointegration and the potential threat of infection are discussed, including how elemental selection can modulate these pivotal systems.
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