AI Article Synopsis

  • Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) treatment has significantly improved with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), reducing mortality rates from 10-20% to 1-2%, and this study focused on assessing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among long-term TKI users in the Kurdistan region of Iraq.
  • The study collected data from 161 adult CML patients, analyzing HRQoL using specific questionnaires while comparing different TKIs, gender, age groups, and impacts of other health conditions.
  • Results indicated that younger patients and those with fewer comorbidities reported better HRQoL; meanwhile, gender differences were notable, with women experiencing more severe symptoms relative to men, highlighting

Article Abstract

Background: Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) treatment was revolutionized by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), reducing annual mortality from 10-20% to 1-2%. This study assessed health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients receiving long-term TKI therapy in the Kurdistan region of Iraq.

Methods: This observational study included 161 adult CML patients (90 males, 71 females, mean age 46.1 years) across three hospitals from January to August 2024. HRQoL was assessed using EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-CML24 questionnaires, comparing outcomes between different TKIs (Imatinib, Nilotinib, and Bosutinib), gender, age groups, and comorbidity impacts.

Results: Imatinib patients showed better emotional functioning than Bosutinib (80 vs. 73, p=0.027). Female patients reported more severe symptoms across multiple domains, while males demonstrated better physical, emotional, and cognitive functioning. Younger patients (<40 years) showed better HRQoL outcomes. Increasing comorbidities correlated with decreased functional scales and increased symptom burden. Significant differences were observed in pain, diarrhoea, and constipation between TKI groups.

Conclusion: While CML patients maintain a relatively good quality of life on TKI therapy, persistent impairments remain in certain domains. Younger age and fewer comorbidities were associated with better outcomes. Gender-specific approaches to supportive care and comprehensive health management beyond CML treatment are recommended. These findings can inform clinical decision-making and identify areas for targeted interventions to enhance the quality of life in CML patients.

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