Small fiber neuropathy (SFN) is a condition involving the small nerve fibers of the peripheral nervous system, specifically the thinly myelinated Aδ and unmyelinated C fibers. It is an increasingly acknowledged condition within the spectrum of neuropathic pain disorders, leading to a rise in diagnosed patients. SFN is characterized by neuropathic pain, that is often described as burning, and typically presents in the hands and feet ascending proximally. Since small nerve fibers are involved in the autonomic nervous system, SFN can also lead to autonomic dysfunction. In the clinical setting, SFN diagnosis is frequently based on the Besta Criteria, which include skin biopsy and quantitative sensory testing. For clinical trials, the ACTTION criteria are also recommended. However, the diagnostic process is often complex, prompting research towards more accessible diagnostic methods. The pathophysiology of SFN remains unclear, thereby challenging therapeutic strategies. A large variety of underlying conditions has been associated with SFN, including metabolic, immune-mediated, infectious, toxic and hereditary conditions. The discovery of genetic sodium channelopathies in SFN provides insight into its underlying mechanisms. Newly discovered mutations within these genes reveal that SFN often shows overlapping clinical presentations with other sodium channelopathies. This chapter provides an in-depth look at SFN, including its clinical features, diagnostic methods, underlying conditions and possible therapeutic strategies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.irn.2024.10.001 | DOI Listing |
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol
December 2024
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue
November 2024
Department of Emergency, Kweichow Moutai Hospital, Zunyi 564500, Guizhou, China. Corresponding author: Zhou Manhong, Email:
Objective: To investigate the protective effect and possible mechanism of sulforaphane (SFN) on acute liver injury in mice induced by diquat (DQ) poisoning.
Methods: Forty-eight male C57BL/6 mice were divided into Control group, DQ model group (DQ group), SFN intervention group (DQ+SFN group), and SFN control group (SFN group) using a random number table method, with 12 mice in each group. Acute liver injury mice model was established by one-time intraperitoneal injection of 1 mL of 40 mg/kg DQ solution at once.
Nutrients
December 2024
IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.
Background/objectives: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, for which a definitive cure is still missing. Recently, natural compounds have been investigated for their possible neuroprotective role, including the bioactivated product of glucoraphanin (GRA), the sulforaphane (SFN), which is highly rich in cruciferous vegetables. It is known that SFN alleviates neuronal dysfunction, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in the brain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt Immunopharmacol
December 2024
Hepatology Diagnosis and Treatment Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou 325035, China; School of Clinical Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Lin'an District, Hangzhou, Lin'an People's Hospital Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 311300, China. Electronic address:
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a liver disease marked by inflammation of unknown origin. If untreated, it can progress to cirrhosis or liver failure, posing a significant health risk. Currently, effective drug therapies are lacking in clinical practice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Physiol Cell Physiol
December 2024
Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada.
Mitochondria are metabolic hubs that govern skeletal muscle health. While exercise has been established as a powerful inducer of quality control processes that ultimately enhance mitochondrial function, there are currently limited pharmaceutical interventions available that emulate exercise-induced mitochondrial adaptations. To investigate a novel candidate for this role, we examined Sulforaphane (SFN), a naturally occurring compound found in cruciferous vegetables.
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