Background: Sensory processing issues are among the key diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). As altered sensory processing causes autistic children to react differently to sensory experiences and has a profound impact on their development, affecting their learning ability, social interaction, and ability to adapt to a new environment, there is a need to recognize and address these issues in children diagnosed with ASD during assessments and interventions. This study aimed to identify the patterns of sensory issues and their impact, and selected correlates among autistic children attending a center for neurodevelopmental disorders in northern Sri Lanka.
Methods: This institution-based, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at a center for neurodevelopmental disorders in Jaffna among 100 children diagnosed with ASD. The sociodemographic details of the child, and scores of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale second edition (CARS™ 2), Sensory Profile™ 2, and a locally developed Behavioral Checklist were extracted from the records available at the center. Data were analyzed using R statistical computing software (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria) using general linear models.
Results: All the children in this study had at least one sensory issue, with 50% having visual processing issues. The severity of ASD increased as auditory processing issues increased. Behavioral issues, in general, increased significantly with increasing auditory and visual processing issues. Repetitive behaviors significantly increased with increasing auditory processing issues, while problems with self-regulation increased significantly with increasing visual and movement processing issues. Conduct-related issues were found to increase significantly with increasing movement and visual processing issues, and attentional response issues were found to increase significantly with increasing auditory, visual, and touch processing issues.
Conclusion: The high prevalence of sensory issues in autistic children and its impact on the severity of ASD and behavioral issues are reiterated in this study. These results emphasize the importance of including interventions targeting sensory issues with the routine therapy for ASD.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.72130 | DOI Listing |
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