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A Combined Approach to Extract Rotational Dynamics of Globular Proteins Undergoing Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation.
J Phys Chem B
January 2025
Department of Physical Chemistry, Sciences II, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, Geneva 1211, Switzerland.
The formation of protein condensates (droplets) via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is a commonly observed phenomenon in vitro. Changing the environmental properties with cosolutes, molecular crowders, protein partners, temperature, pressure, etc. has been shown to favor or disfavor the formation of protein droplets by fine-tuning the water-water, water-protein, and protein-protein interactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent advances in the synthesis and application of biomolecular condensates.
J Biol Chem
January 2025
CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China. Electronic address:
Biomolecular condensates (BMCs) represent a group of organized and programmed systems that participate in gene transcription, chromosome organization, cell division, tumorigenesis, and aging. However, the understanding of BMCs in terms of internal organizations and external regulations remains at an early stage. Recently, novel approaches such as synthetic biology have been used for de novo synthesis of BMCs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBeyond equilibrium: roles of RNAs in condensate control.
Curr Opin Genet Dev
January 2025
MCD, Center for Integrative Biology (CBI), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France. Electronic address:
Membraneless subcompartments organize various activities in the cell nucleus. Some of them are formed through phase separation that is driven by the polymeric and multivalent nature of biomolecules. Here, we discuss the role of RNAs in regulating nuclear subcompartments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall CAG Repeat RNA Forms a Duplex Structure with Sticky Ends That Promote RNA Condensation.
J Am Chem Soc
January 2025
Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.
Biomolecular condensation lays the foundation of forming biologically important membraneless organelles, but abnormal condensation processes are often associated with human diseases. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) plays a critical role in the formation of biomolecular condensates by mediating the phase transition through its interactions with proteins and other RNAs. However, the physicochemical principles governing RNA phase transitions, especially for short RNAs, remain inadequately understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBenchmarking residue-resolution protein coarse-grained models for simulations of biomolecular condensates.
PLoS Comput Biol
January 2025
Department of Physical-Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Intracellular liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of proteins and nucleic acids is a fundamental mechanism by which cells compartmentalize their components and perform essential biological functions. Molecular simulations play a crucial role in providing microscopic insights into the physicochemical processes driving this phenomenon. In this study, we systematically compare six state-of-the-art sequence-dependent residue-resolution models to evaluate their performance in reproducing the phase behaviour and material properties of condensates formed by seven variants of the low-complexity domain (LCD) of the hnRNPA1 protein (A1-LCD)-a protein implicated in the pathological liquid-to-solid transition of stress granules.
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