Pattern transformation and control of generalized multi-peak breathing solitons induced by transverse cross modulation.

Based on the nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equation, the pattern transformation and control of transverse cross-modulated sine-Gaussian (TCMSG) breathing solitons during transmission are studied. Several expressions have been derived, including the transmission, soliton width, phase wavefront curvature, and so on. The study demonstrates that the coefficient of transverse cross modulation term controls the pattern transformation of the TCMSG breathing solitons. TCMSG breathing solitons can form generalized spatial solitons and breathers during transmission. The variation of the soliton width extrema and their change rates with the transverse cross modulation term coefficient is investigated. The influence of the initial incident power and the transverse cross modulation term coefficient on the soliton width change rate and phase wavefront curvature extrema is studied.