Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) refers to a spontaneous separation behavior of biomacromolecules under specific physiological conditions, playing a crucial role in regulating various biological processes. Recent advances in synthetic peptides have greatly improved our understanding of peptide-based coacervate droplets and expanded their applications in biomedicine. Numerous peptide sequences have been reported that undergo phase separation, enabling the concentration and sequestration of different guest molecules for purposes such as drug delivery, catalytic performance, and bioanalytical techniques. Particularly, some of these peptides offer significant advantages in controlled drug release, efficient cell transfection, accelerated reaction kinetics, and selective biomarker detection. This review provides an overview of recent developments in peptide-based LLPS, exploring various strategies for designing peptide sequences and their biomedical applications. It also addresses the challenges and future directions for LLPS peptide vehicles as promising biomaterials.
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Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, hangzhou City, 310058, Hangzhou, CHINA.
The separation of xylene isomers is a critical and energy-intensive process in the petrochemical industry, primarily due to their closely similar molecular structures and boiling points. In this work, we report the synthesis and application of a novel core-shell zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) composite, ZIF-65@ZIF-67, designed to significantly enhance the kinetic separation of xylene isomers through a synergistic "shell-gated diffusion and core-facilitated transport" strategy. The external ZIF-67 shell selectively restricts the diffusion of larger isomers (MX and OX), while the internal ZIF-65 core accelerates the diffusion of PX, thereby amplifying the diffusion differences among the isomers.
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College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
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